1. The Global Positioning System A Global Information Utility November 2001

2. Agriculture Commerce State Interior NASA Justice Joint Chiefs of Staff DefenseTransportation The Interagency GPS Executive Board

3. Modernization Program

4. Goals of GPS Modernization Program MilitaryMilitary –Protection of service for US/Allied forces Add new signals and increased signal power to improve Navwar capabilityAdd new signals and increased signal power to improve Navwar capability Modify select platforms to detect and locate GPS jammingModify select platforms to detect and locate GPS jamming Develop and field improved anti-jam and security technologiesDevelop and field improved anti-jam and security technologies –Prevention of adversary exploitation Spectrally separate new military signals from civil signalsSpectrally separate new military signals from civil signals CivilCivil –Preservation of civil use while providing enhancements Add new signals to improve accuracy and signal redundancyAdd new signals to improve accuracy and signal redundancy The Termination of Selective Availability was the first step in the GPS Modernization Process

5. Block IIRs (12 SV’s) Adds Civil Code to L2 Adds new military M-Code Increases signal power GPS Space Segment Modernization Adds civil L5 to all Block IIFs GPS Modernization migrates to a system with spectrally separated military services while adding new civil services P(Y)C/AP(Y) C code C code M-codeM-code Signals in Space L2 L1 P(Y)C/AP(Y) C code C code M-codeM-code Signals in Space L2 1227.6MHz L1 1575.42MHz L5 1176.45MHz

6. Advantages of a New SignalAdvantages of a New Signal –Improved cross-correlation properties –Improved tracking capability -- 3dB higher power than Coarse Acquisition (C/A) on L2 Signal Characteristics Signal Characteristics –Two codes - one with data (medium code); one without (long code) –Codes longer than C/A code to minimize cross correlation –Separated by time - Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) –Overcome some limitations of current C/A coded signals GPS Space and Control New Civil Code on L2

7. GPS Space and Control Block IIR Modernization Pre- Modernization Heritage SignalsHeritage Signals – L1 C/A – L1, L2 P(Y) Design LifeDesign Life – 10 Years Post Modernization Modernized SignalsModernized Signals –Higher Power –L1 C/A, L2 Second Civil –L1, L2 P(Y) –L1, L2 M-Code Design LifeDesign Life –10 Years

8. GPS Space and Control Block IIF Modernization Pre- Modernization Heritage SignalsHeritage Signals –L1, L2 C/A –L1, L2 P(Y) Design LifeDesign Life –15 Years 33 Satellite Production Run33 Satellite Production Run Post Modernization Modernized SignalsModernized Signals –Similar Power –L1 C/A, L2 Civil Signal –L1, L2 P(Y) –L1, L2 M-Code –L5 New Civil Signal Design LifeDesign Life –12 Years –10 Year MMD 2 Rubidium Clocks and 1 Cesium2 Rubidium Clocks and 1 Cesium 12 Satellite Production Run12 Satellite Production Run

9. Second Civil Signal Maintain Space User Service Third Civil Signal 1 ON 3 menu 2 Rockwell 4 5 6 7 WPT 8 POS 9 NAV CLR MARK 0 OFF NUM LOCK FIX FOM 1 N 42* 01” 46.12” W 091* 38’ 54.36” EL + 00862 ft ZEROIZE The GPS III System Review entire GPS Architecture to: –Achieve long term GPS performance goals –Reduce long term total ownership costs Ensure GPS system properly assesses and is synergized with –Military and Civil Needs/Systems –Possible augmentation opportunities Ensure best GPS system for the nation for the next 30 years Review entire GPS Architecture to: –Achieve long term GPS performance goals –Reduce long term total ownership costs Ensure GPS system properly assesses and is synergized with –Military and Civil Needs/Systems –Possible augmentation opportunities Ensure best GPS system for the nation for the next 30 years GPS III Mission and System Description

10. Contractor Studies – Nearing completion (Nov 01)Contractor Studies – Nearing completion (Nov 01) Alternative System Reviews completedAlternative System Reviews completed –Baseline architectures identified –Contractors Recommended Performance based requirements Significant parallel conclusionsSignificant parallel conclusions – Mid-Earth Orbit (MEO) is the best –Crosslinks are key to accuracy and reduced Age of Data (AOD) – No major UE impacts for Operational Requirements Document threshold Government activity – “On Schedule”Government activity – “On Schedule” – Draft acquisition strategy in-review – Draft System Specification will be ready for early December RFP – Draft Test and Evaluation Master Plan in work System Architecture/Requirements Development (SARD) Status GPS III

11. GPS III is entering the pre-acquisition phase.GPS III is entering the pre-acquisition phase. Although civil requirements are currently contained within the Operational Requirements Document, the possibility for altering the ORD does exist, should there be validated civil requirements.Although civil requirements are currently contained within the Operational Requirements Document, the possibility for altering the ORD does exist, should there be validated civil requirements. In approximately March of 2002, the contract award for the pre-acquisition phase will be released.In approximately March of 2002, the contract award for the pre-acquisition phase will be released. The downselect to one contractor will occur in 2004.The downselect to one contractor will occur in 2004. The schedule calls for launch of the first GPS III satellite in 2009, with Initial Operating Capability of the GPS III constellation in approximately 2016.The schedule calls for launch of the first GPS III satellite in 2009, with Initial Operating Capability of the GPS III constellation in approximately 2016. Schedule Going Forward Schedule Going Forward GPS III

12. Modernization Summary –Modernization will increase capability for civil and military users –Second civil signal and new military signals beginning in 2003 –Third civil signal (L5) beginning in 2005 –GPS III addressing future dual-use requirements –Performance will dramatically improve as a result of modernization –U.S. continuing international outreach to be responsive to global user needs

13. Interagency Processes

14. Civil Involvement and Interface DoD and civilian government agencies working together in various venues on modernization and GPS IIIDoD and civilian government agencies working together in various venues on modernization and GPS III –Policy and Planning IGEBIGEB Independent Assessment TeamIndependent Assessment Team –Acquisition –Requirements Interagency Forum on RequirementsInteragency Forum on Requirements

15. Civil Involvement in Plans and Policy Process Structure to support Plans and Policy already in placeStructure to support Plans and Policy already in place Draws from existing Pos/Nav policy structures within DoD and DOTDraws from existing Pos/Nav policy structures within DoD and DOT Consolidates at the IGEBConsolidates at the IGEB IGEB SSG DOT Extended Pos/Nav DoD Pos/Nav Underlying Agency Staff Structures IGEB Independent Assessment Team (IAT)

16. Overarching Integrated Product Team(OIPT) Integrating IPT (IIPT) Working- level IPT (WIPT) JPO Lead IGEB Civil Involvement in Acquisition Process IPT StructureIPT Structure –Provide strategic guidance, and program status/assessment –Identify and resolve issues at appropriate level –Seeks opportunities for acquisition reform –“Inter-disciplinary” participation Civil representation at each IPT levelCivil representation at each IPT level –3 -5 civil representatives –Full civil participation through Extended DOT Pos/Nav structure IGEBIGEB –Fulfills role defined in PDD –Provides advisory role to DAB –Structure currently exists Execution Level IPTs DOT Extended Pos/Nav EXCOM To gain broad civil consensus on GPS issues DOT Extended Pos/Nav Working Group To work elements involving civil issues Milestone Decision Authority (MDA): USD(AT&L) DAB

17. Civil Involvement in Requirements Process NPOESS ModelNPOESS Model –Provides forum to address requirements and solution trades which cross military/civil boundaries Independent process from program developmentIndependent process from program development –Each agency’s requirements are accountable and traceable –Focused “user community” participation in field Civil representation at each levelCivil representation at each level –Not identical to IPT representation –Broad representation through Extended DOT Pos/Nav structure IGEBIGEB –Fulfills role defined in PDD –Provides advisory role to DAB –Structure currently exists AFSPC lead --- parallel level to execution IPTs to participate in and provided guidance for development activities Milestone Decision Authority (MDA): USD(AT&L) DAB DOT Extended Pos/Nav EXCOM To gain broad civil consensus on GPS issues DOT Extended Pos/Nav Working Group To work elements involving civil issues JROC - Approve Mil Requirement JRB - Coord & Adjudicate Mil Requirement JRP - Coord & Adjudicate Military Requirement Inter-Agency Requirements Council (IRC) Interagency Requirements Board (IRB) Flag Level JROC Equivalent O-6 and Flag Field Review Users Forum Coordinate and Adjudicate Interagency Requirements IGEB Services’ Requirements Process Operating Agencies’ Requirements Processes Inter-Agency Requirements Council (IRC) Interagency Requirements Board (IRB) Flag Level JROC Equivalent O-6 and Flag Field Review Users Forum

18. Aviation Augmentations

19. FAA Satellite Navigation Programs WAAS and LAAS Improved Aviation System SafetyImproved Aviation System Safety Fewer DisruptionsFewer Disruptions Increased CapacityIncreased Capacity Increased Fuel Savings Low Operations Costs Low Avionics Cost Why Satellite-Based Navigation?

20. Satellite Navigation Capabilities

21. WAAS CapabilitiesWAAS Capabilities –Enroute Guidance –Non-Precision Approach –Category I Precision Approach at All Runway Ends in Service Volume Runway Ends in Service Volume CONUSCONUS Portions of AlaskaPortions of Alaska HawaiiHawaii Portions of CaribbeanPortions of Caribbean WAAS Approach Capabilities Implemented in IncrementsWAAS Approach Capabilities Implemented in Increments –Non-Precision –LNAV/VNAV (Lateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation) Initial Operational Capability Level of Service - December 2003Initial Operational Capability Level of Service - December 2003 Wide Area Augmentation System

22. WAAS Fielding Status Key Phase 1 WRS Phase 1 WMS/WRS Phase 1 GES WMS= Wide-area Master Station WRS= Wide-area Reference Station GES= Ground Earth Station San Juan (ZSU) Jacksonville (ZJX) Aurora (ZAU) Memphis (ZME) Olathe (ZKC) Fort Worth (ZFW) Longmont (ZDV) Salt Lake City (ZLC) Anchorage (ZAN) Honolulu (HNL) Communication Satellite GPS Satellite Leesburg (ZDC) Hampton (ZTL) Miami (ZMA) Houston (ZHU) Farmington (ZMP) Albuquerque (ZAB) Billings (BIL) Brewster GES Santa Paula GES (2) Palmdale (ZLA) Oberlin (ZOB) Nashua (ZBW) Auburn (ZSE) Ronkonkoma (ZNY) Fremont (ZOA) Cold Bay (CDB) Juneau (JNU) Clarksburg GES System Available for Non-Aviation Safety Uses Since Aug 2000

23. WAAS Integrity Issue WAAS IOC Slipped From Sept 00 to Dec 03WAAS IOC Slipped From Sept 00 to Dec 03 –System Integrity Problem Identified in Jan 00 Analysis of System Architecture Could Not Prove That Stringent System Integrity Requirement Was MetAnalysis of System Architecture Could Not Prove That Stringent System Integrity Requirement Was Met –Integrity Is the System’s Ability to Provide Timely Warnings to Users When It Should Not Be Used for Navigation FAA Formed Panel of Experts To Develop SolutionFAA Formed Panel of Experts To Develop Solution –Resulted in Improvements for 8 System Monitors –Improvements On Track Three Monitor Improvements Now On WAAS SignalThree Monitor Improvements Now On WAAS Signal –Panel Continues LNAV/VNAV Implementation OversightLNAV/VNAV Implementation Oversight

24. GoalGoal – Provide Extremely High Accuracy, Availability, and Integrity Required for Category II and Category III Precision Approaches for Category II and Category III Precision Approaches – Category I Approach in Areas Not Served by WAAS or Requiring Higher Availability Than Provided by WAAS Higher Availability Than Provided by WAAS – Surface Navigation LAAS Full DeploymentLAAS Full Deployment –46 Category I Systems –114 Category II/III System Initial Operational Capability Expected in 2003Initial Operational Capability Expected in 2003 Local Area Augmentation System

25. LAAS Development Phased: Partnership / Federal Phased AcquisitionPhased: Partnership / Federal Phased Acquisition Government Industry Partnership (GIP) Cost Sharing Agreements in PlaceGovernment Industry Partnership (GIP) Cost Sharing Agreements in Place –Develop LAAS to FAA CAT I Specification Requirements –GIP Agreements Period of Performance Through December 15, 2001 LAAS Category I Contract Award Planned Summer 02LAAS Category I Contract Award Planned Summer 02 –Leverages GIP Development but Incorporates Added Requirements –Initial CAT I LAAS Operational by 4 th Quarter of 2003 LAAS Category II/III Acquisition Beginning in 2003LAAS Category II/III Acquisition Beginning in 2003 –Operational in 2006

27. International Consultations

28. Principles for Cooperation –No direct user fees for civil and public safety services –Ensure open market driven competition for user equipment and applications –Open signal structure for all civil services to promote equal access for applications development and value added services –Protection of the current radionavigation spectrum from disruption and interference –Use of GPS time, geodesy, and signal structure standards –Seamless, global interoperability of future systems with GPS –Recognition of national and international security issues and protecting against misuse