1. WHYP Test Files Lab 9

2. y1 The WC16 WHYP Core Modifications for Multiplication and Division

3. Used only for DIO2 Board 7 different test programs

4. CodeNameFunction 001Dmpp multiply partial product (used for multiplication) 001Eshldc shift left and decrement conditionally (used for division) Table 1 New Funit Instructions

5. -- Function Unit instructions constant plus: opcode := X"0010"; -- + constant minus: opcode := X"0011"; -- - constant plus1: opcode := X"0012"; -- 1+ constant minus1: opcode := X"0013"; -- 1- constant invert: opcode := X"0014"; -- INVERT constant andd: opcode := X"0015"; -- AND constant orr: opcode := X"0016"; -- OR constant xorr: opcode := X"0017"; -- XOR constant twotimes: opcode := X"0018"; -- 2* constant u2slash: opcode := X"0019"; -- U2/ constant twoslash: opcode := X"001A"; -- 2/ constant rshift: opcode := X"001B"; -- RSHIFT constant lshift: opcode := X"001C";-- LSHIFT constant mpp: opcode := X"001D";-- mpp constant shldc: opcode := X"001E";-- shldc opcodes.vhd

6. Multiply partial product when mpp => tload <= '1'; nload <= '1'; nsel <= "10"; fcode <= icode(5 downto 0); mpp

7. variable AVector: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (width downto 0); variable BVector: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (width downto 0); variable CVector: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (width downto 0); variable yVector: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (width downto 0); variable y1_tmp: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (width-1 downto 0); AVector := '0' & a; BVector := '0' & b; CVector := '0' & c; y1_tmp := false; yVector := '0' & false; begin In Funit2

8. when "011101" =>-- mpp if b(0) = '1' then yVector := AVector + CVector; else yVector := AVector; end if; y <= yVector(width downto 1); y1 <= yVector(0) & b(width-1 downto 1); mpp (multiply partial product) if N(0) = 1 then adsh else sh end if; TN N2

9. : UM* ( u1 u2 - upL upH ) 0 mpp mpp ROT_DROP ; 16 x 16 = 32 Multiplication

10. Shift left and decrement conditionally when shldc=> tload <= '1'; nload <= '1'; nsel <= "10"; fcode <= icode(5 downto 0); shldc

11. Division : UM/MOD ( unumL unumH udenom -- urem uquot ) All other signed and unsigned division operations can be derived as WHYP words from UM/MOD TN N2 TN -ROT\ udenom unumL unumH SHLDC SHLDC \ denom quot rem ROT_DROP_SWAP ;

12. when "011110" =>-- shldc yVector := a & b(width-1); y1_tmp := b(width-2 downto 0) & '0'; if yVector > CVector then yVector := yVector - CVector; y1_tmp(0) := '1'; end if; for I in 0 to 3 loop sll T & N; if T[8:4] > N2 then T := T - (0 & N2); N(0) := ‘1’; end if; end loop; 100001110 1101 sll TN N2 y <= yVector(width-1 downto 0); y1 <= y1_tmp;

13. 32 / 16 = 16:16 Division : UM/MOD ( unL unH ud -- ur uq ) -ROT shldc shldc ROT_DROP_SWAP ;

14. WHYP Test Files sdigtest.whp-- tests the switches and 7-segment displays hex2asc.whp-- converts hex to ascii minmax.whp-- finds the min and max of two numbers mul.whp-- multiplies two 16-bit numbers div.whp-- divides a 32-bit number by a 16-bit number fact16.whp-- computes the factorial of a number leap.whp-- checks if a year is a leap year

15. SDigtest.whp \ Test of JB4HI, JB4LO, S@ and DIG! : main( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@ DIG! AGAIN ;

16. Hex2asc.whp \ Convert hex to ASCII HEX : hex2asc ( n -- asc ) 0F AND \ mask upper nibble DUP 9 > \ if n > 9 IF 37 + \ add $37 ELSE 30 + \ else add $30 THEN ; : main( -- ) BEGIN waitb4 S@ DUP DIG! waitb4 hex2asc DIG! AGAIN ;

17. Minmax.whp \MIN MAX : MIN( n1 n2 -- min ) OVER OVER >\ n1 n2 f IF\ n1 n2 SWAP\ n2 n1 THEN DROP ;\ min : MAX( n1 n2 -- max ) OVER OVER <\ n1 n2 f IF\ n1 n2 NIP\ n2 ELSE DROP\ n1 THEN ; : main( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@ DUP DIG! waitB4 S@ DUP DIG! waitB4 OVER OVER MIN DIG! waitB4 MAX DIG! AGAIN ;

18. Mul.whp : UM* ( u1 u2 - upL upH ) 0 mpp mpp ROT_DROP ; : MAIN ( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@\ get u1HI DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@\ get u1LO OR DUP DIG! waitB4 S@\ get u2HI DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@\ get u2LO OR DUP DIG! waitB4 UM*\ multiply DIG!\ display upH waitB4 DIG!\ display upL AGAIN ;

19. Div.whp : UM/MOD ( unL unH ud -- ur uq ) -ROT shldc shldc ROT_DROP_SWAP ; : MAIN ( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@\ get unHHI DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@\ get unHLO OR DUP DIG! waitB4 S@\ get unLHI DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@\ get unLLO OR DUP DIG! SWAP\ numerator waitB4 S@\ get udHI DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@\ get udLO OR\ denominator DUP DIG! waitB4 UM/MOD\ divide DIG!\ display uq waitB4 DIG!\ display ur AGAIN ;

20. Fact16.whp \ Example of BEGIN...WHILE...REPEAT : UM* ( u1 u2 - upL upH ) 0 mpp mpp ROT_DROP ; : *( n1 n2 -- n3 ) UM* DROP ; : factorial ( n -- n! ) 1 2 ROT \ x i n BEGIN \ x i n OVER OVER <= \ x i n f WHILE \ x i n -ROT TUCK \ n i x i * SWAP \ n x' i 1+ ROT \ x' i' n REPEAT \ x i n DROP DROP ; \ x : main( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@ DUP DIG! waitB4 factorial DIG! AGAIN ;

21. Leap.whp \ leap year : UM/MOD ( unumL unumH udenom - urem uquot ) -ROT 16 FOR shldc NEXT ROT_DROP_SWAP ; : U/MOD( n1 n2 -- urem uquot ) >R 0 R> UM/MOD ; : MOD( n1 n2 -- urem ) U/MOD DROP ;

22. Leap.whp (cont.) : ?leap ( year -- flag ) DUP 400 MOD 0= IF DROP TRUE ELSE DUP 100 MOD 0= IF DROP FALSE ELSE 4 MOD 0= IF TRUE ELSE FALSE THEN THEN ; : main( -- ) BEGIN waitB4 S@ DUP DIG! 8 LSHIFT waitB4 S@ OR DUP DIG! waitB4 ?leap DIG! AGAIN ; Note: A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4, but not by 100, or if it is divisible by 400.