1. Towards Cabled Integration at Seafloor Hydrothermal Vent Sites K. Ding, W. E. Seyfried

2. Collaboration with: Dr. Chunyang Tan (Tongji University) Dr. Shijun Wu (Zhejiang University) Dr. Tao Li (University of Michigan) Dr. Yogesh B. Gianchandani (University of Michigan) MARS Operation Group, (MBARI) AGU Presentations: OS41C-1749 Chunyang Tan, Kang Ding and William E. Seyfried, Jr., Instrument development and field application of the in situ pH Calibrator at the Ocean Observatory. OS41C-1743 Shijun Wu, Canjun Yang, Kang Ding and Chunyang Tan. A remotely operated time-series sampler for collecting gas-tight hydrothermal fluids.

3. Objectives In-situ measurement, in-situ calibration and in-situ intervention with cabled connection for studying evolution circle of seafloor hydrothermal system Current and Expected Deployment 1.MARS connection (Nov. 13, 2012 –2013) 2. Alvin cruise at Main Endeavour Field (Sept. 2013) 3. RSN Axial Seamount (2014) 4. Neptune Canada Main Endeavour Field (2013 - 2014) through collaboration with University of Victoria (CFI)

4. Rainbow J2-352 X3 2298m 369°C 5.00±0.02 3.25 Rainbow J2-352 J-L 2309m 326°C 4.67±0.0 Rainbow J2-353 X7 2300m 353°C 4.77±0.01 3.38 Rainbow J2-353 T63 2262m 363°C 5.07±0.01 3.28 Rainbow J2-354 T62 2261m 368°C 4.93±0.01 3.28 Lucky S J2-356 T6 1719m 324°C 4.87±0.14 3.90 Lucky S J2-357 1703m 298°C 4.26±0.01 3.89 Lucky S J2-358 1727m 153°C 5.7±0.6 119°C 7.4±0.3 TAG J2-363 T6 3621m 363°C 4.99±0.02 3.28 pH (in-situ) pH(25°C)T Depth In-situ pH of the vent fluids (MAR) 1. Integration: previous effort

6. 1.A simplified method for predicting pH value of the deep reaction 2.More efforts are needed to understand its mechanism 1. Integration: previous effort

8. 100150200250300350400 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 PPM a x 1000 T ° C H 2 S Dynamic processes occurring at the vent orifice showing critical behavior, conduct cooling and mixing, which are P-T sensitive 1. Integration: previous effort 01728034560518406912086400 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 T o C time (24 hr= 17280)

9. 2. Integration: current effort Integration with MEMS and Nano Technology for Enhanced Application and Reliability

10. Sensor with in- situ calibration Ga-tight Sampler Active observatory Cable 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO

11. CALLISTO (Calibrator Linked In-situ Timed Observatory) MARS Connection and Testing (Nov. 12, 2012 – 2013) 1.Active intervention; with remotely controlled operation; 2.In-situ measurement with in-situ calibration; 3.In-situ measurement with sampling 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO

12. (1)Utilizing the electric and communication power for operation of the pumps and valves. (2)Designed for application up to 100C. 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO

13. Sensor protection and cleaning Correction for the drift

14. CycleSample Potential (mV) Temperature (°C) Theoretical slope Actual Slope Calculated pH 1 Seawater173.3±0.45.8 55.456.87.54±0.01 Buffer 1391.7±0.35.8 Buffer 210.3±0.65.5 2 Seawater176.4±0.65.6 55.357.47.58±0.01 Buffer 1399.4±0.35.6 Buffer 214.0±0.55.3 3 Seawater 54.2 ±1.7 6.1 55.457.37.51±0.03 Buffer 1272.6±0.45.6 Buffer 2 -111.6 ±0.3 5.4 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO Results from MARS connection and Testing

15. Control module Sampling modules 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO Integration with high T gas-tight fluid sampler Autonomous and remotely controlled operation 160 ml

16. 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO Open valve Close valve The record of current during triggering the sampling module Operations styles: (1) Pre-scheduled; (2) Sensor trigged; (3) Remotely operated The operation can be verified by the reading on the current. Added freedom on high temperature gas-tight sampling for study hydrothermal vents

17. 2. Integration: current effort: CALLISTO Combined operation with in-situ sensor, pH calibrator and gas-tight sampler through cabled network

18. Thanks! Future effort: Adding more function to achieve active observation and in-situ intervention.

19. pH=7.860±0.004 T=11 ̊C Lost City M6 CL iTwo: in-situ calibration