1. Arie Zaban Department of Chemistry Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan University, Israel מגמות במחקר סולארי בעולם ובישראל : לאיפה אפשר להגיע ומה דרוש

2. 14 MW power plant at the Nellis Air Force Base (south Nevada). ~30 million kilowatt-hours (30MWh) of electricity annually. Expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 24,000 tons/year. Contraction cost: $100 million. Land: 140 acres (570 dunam). The company that owns the panels is leasing the land at no cost, and Nellis is agreeing to buy the power for 20 years at about 2.2 cents/kWh, instead of the 9 cents they are paying to Nevada Power, saving the Air Force $1 million each year. None of the $100 million cost came from the Air Force. North America’s Largest Solar-Electric Plant Switched On (28/12/2007) The Need/Challenge: 10TW Renewable Energy

3. 14 MW power plant at the Nellis Air Force Base (south Nevada). North America’s Largest Solar-Electric Plant Switched On (28/12/2007) One plant, every hour, for the next: 81 years The Need/Challenge: 10TW Renewable Energy

4. One plant, every hour, for the next: 81 years The Need/Challenge: 10TW Renewable Energy 2012 installation = 24GW one plant every 5 hrs. >150G$

5. Research Goals Energy Cost ($/KWh) system cost ($/m2) system efficiency (%) effective sun (KWh/m2)

6. Best Research Cell Efficiencies

7. Single-Bandgap PV and the Solar Spectrum (AM 1.5)

8. Prince, JAP 26 (1955) 534 Loferski, JAP 27 (1956) 777 Optimal Bandgap for Single Junction PV

9. Best Research Cell Efficiencies

10. Production, Laboratory, Theoretical PV Module Efficiency

11. Global PV Module Price Learning Curve for c-si Wafer- Based and CdTe Modules, 1979 To 2015

12. Multi-Bandgap PV and the Solar Spectrum (AM 1.5)

13. cost concentration current matching Multi-Bandgap Photovoltaics

14. With optical losses Bennett and Olsen, 1988, IEEE PVSC, p. 868 Maximum Efficiency for Ideal Multi-Bandgap PV

15. Best Research Cell Efficiencies

16. Production, Laboratory, Theoretical PV Module Efficiency

17. Third Generation Options

18. Up-Conversion for a Single Junction Down-Conversion for a Single Junction Third Generation Options

19. Multiple exciton generation (MEG) Phonon cooling Auger recombination MEG Phonon cooling

20. Third Generation Options Luminescent solar concentrators Plasmonic solar cells Antenna-based solar cells

21. Best Research Cell Efficiencies

22. Best Research Cell Efficiencies: Emerging PV

23. Research Goals Energy Cost ($/KWh) system cost ($/m2) system efficiency (%) effective sun (KWh/m2)

24. System Cost Light collection (wave guide effect) Anti reflection coating Charge collection

25. Combinatorial Material (Absorber) Library Co 3 O 4 All-Oxide PV: combinatorial material science conductance

26. Bright Future Needs: Co 3 O 4 Basic science Material science Long term funding (fuel replacement program) Centers of excellence (nano) Partnership with industry

27. וְהָיוּ לִמְאוֹרֹת בִּרְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם, לְהָאִיר עַל הָאָרֶץ. and let them be lights in the expanse of the sky to give light on (upon) the earth. Thank You

28. The Photovoltaic (PV) Mechanism cosT breakdown of currenT convenTional pv sysTems in The uniTed sTaTes, 2010

29. The Photovoltaic (PV) Mechanism average worldwide pv module price level and Their cosT sTrucTure by Technology (2010).

30. Production, Laboratory, Theoretical PV Module Efficiency

31. QDSSCs: Co-Sensitization (in series)

32. Low Cost Multi-Bandgap Solar Cells Two Bands Spectral Splitting with David Cahen and Igor Lubomirsky, WIS

33. hh refractive index matching low band-gap PV medium band-gap PV high band-gap PV Waveguide Based PV System

34. CdSe-QR Sensitized Solar Cell: Dipole Effect Sample (nm) V oc (mV) J sc (mA/cm 2 ) FF (%) η (%) 5.0 QDs5317.81522.14 40x5.0 QRs5649.68492.69 Nano Lett. (2012), 12, 2095