1. Development of a Coupled Solar- Biological System for the Disinfection and Elimination of Organic Contaminants in Drinking and WasteWaters in Rural Areas of Colombia (BIOSOLAR-DETOX)

2. Responsibles Dr. Cesar Pulgarin Dr. Cesar Pulgarin Dr. Janeth Sanabria Dr. Janeth Sanabria Dr. Norberto Benitez Dr. Norberto Benitez Dr. Miguel Peña Dr. Miguel Peña

3. Cali Project Location in Colombia

4. Scientific targets 1. Drinking Water Treatment by Coupling of Filtration and Helio Photocatalytic Processes 2. Domestic Wastewater Reusing in Agricultural Activities after Combined Biological Helio- Photocatalytic Treatment 3. Agroindustrial wastewater treatment by a coupled Helio-photocatalytical-biological system

5. Schematic Representation of the Water Uses in the Colombian Water Cycle

6. Non Treated Domestic Waste- Waters Natural Receptors highly Contaminated

7. Water disinfection Chlorination is a widely used technique for the disinfection of water. Its bacterial inactivation effect has been proven but a great concern is that chemical risks could be enhanced due to by-products formed during the chlorination process. Chlorination is a widely used technique for the disinfection of water. Its bacterial inactivation effect has been proven but a great concern is that chemical risks could be enhanced due to by-products formed during the chlorination process. Therefore, the necessity to find low cost, environmental friendly and sustainable alternative, or complement, to chlorination.

8. Disinfectants and disinfection-by products (DBPs) apparition of chemical risk to human Chlorine Chlorine chlorine dioxide chlorine dioxide chloramine chloramine Ozone Ozone hydrogen peroxide hydrogen peroxide THMs: CHCl 3, CHCl 2 Br, CHClBr 2, CHBr 3 haloacetates, haloacetonitriles, haloacetaldehydes, haloketones, halofuranones, chloropicrin, chlorate aldehydes, carboxylic acids Halogenated compounds, chlorite, chlorate Cyanogen, chloride and others generally thought to be the same DBPs as chlorine, but lower concentration Bromate, hydrogen peroxide bromomethanes, bromoacetates, bromoaldehydes, bromoketones, iodinated Analogs, aldehydes, carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids UV Not DBPs

9. TiO 2 - semiconductor photocatalytic process

10. 1. Drinking Water Treatment by Coupling of Filtration and Helio Photocatalytic Processes Puerto Mallarino DRINKING WATER Plant

11. Expected Results: Drinking Water Treatment by Coupling of Filtration and Helio Photocatalytic Processes

12. 2. Domestic Wastewater Reusing in Agricultural Activities after Combined Biological Photocatalytic Treatment GINEBRA Transference and Treatment Station

13. Expected Results

14. 3. Agroindustrial wastewater treatment by a coupled Helio-photocatalytical-biological system

15. PESTICIDES AND POLLUTION  Aerial and manual pesticides application  Cleaning recipients

16. ParameterValue COD (mg O 2 /l) 108.7 pH (Unit) 6.81 Temperature (° C) 26.0 Turbidity (UNT) 1.4 Flow (l/s) 1.85 Inicial wastewater characterization

17. Expected Results: Agroindustrial wastewater treatment by a coupled Helio- photocatalytical-biological system

18. Project Partners OTHER INSTITUTIONS NETHERLANS EMBASSY EMCALI COLCIENCIAS Group of Coupled Chemical-Biological Processes (ENAC-LBE) Dr. Cesar Pulgarin Dr. Sandra Parra EIER Dr. Amadou Hama Maiga Dr. Joseph Wethe Dr. María de la Fuente EIDENAR Dr Janeth Sanabria MSc. Luz E. Barba Chemical Eng. School Dr. Fiderman Machuca MSc. Carlos Dierolf Chemical Dept. Dr. Norberto BenitezDr. Miguel Peña UNIVALLE-GAOX Ecole Inter Etats d’Ingenieurs de l’Equipement Rural

19. Different Work-Packages WPName Beginning (month) Ending (month) 1Scientific Studies Drinking Waters024 2Scientific Studies Waste-Waters024 3Design, optimization and coupling of reactors 1936 4Technological evaluation in real scale3742 5Technology diffusion 0 48 6Project management048

20. Research Team in UNIVALLE Colombia

21. Student’s Group Microbiological components Reactor components Chemistry components M.Sc. Students Sandra Rivera Doctoral Students Diana Serrano M.Sc. Students Andres López Doctoral Students José Colina M.Sc. Students Dorance Becerra Luis Ferney Gonzalez Doctoral Students Alejandro Moncayo Claudia Mendoza Doctoral Students Julian Rengifo

22. Student Team in Univalle Colombia

23. Research Team in EPFL

24. Realized tasks Selection of Student groupSelection of Student group Selection of the study place Selection of the study place Acquisition of material and equipment Acquisition of material and equipment Space arrangements and laboratories conditioning Space arrangements and laboratories conditioning Bibliographic review Bibliographic review Chemical and microbiological initial characterization of samples Chemical and microbiological initial characterization of samples Definition of first step in collaboration between UV- CINARA-EIER Definition of first step in collaboration between UV- CINARA-EIER Agreement for the supply of demonstrative solar prototype by a Spanish photoreactor maker. Agreement for the supply of demonstrative solar prototype by a Spanish photoreactor maker.

25. Photocatalysis as post-treatment of biologically treated wastewaters in the framework of water reuse in agriculture Le système de traitement biologique comporte 4 bassins: réacteur UASB (1), lagune anaérobie (2), lagune contenant des plantes aquatiques (3), lagune facultative (4). Schéma Représentatif de la Estación de Investigación y Transferencia de Tecnología en el Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales y Re - uso de Ginebra- Valle.

26. Suntest UV lamp CPCCPC Available Reactors

27. Initial Chemical characterization of Wastewater of Ginebra Station

28. Initial Microbiological characterization of Wastewater of Ginebra Station

29. Pesticides used glyphosate