Optical Transport Network & Optical Transport Module

Optical Transport Network & Optical Transport Module
"Digital Wrapper" Maarten Vissers Consulting Member of Technical Staff Lucent Technologies April 2002

Contents OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards

Contents OTN Rationale OTN Characteristics Transitional Approaches
OTN Layer Networks Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards OTN Characteristics Transitional Approaches Final Phase O/E/O processing objectives Digital processing objectives

OTN Characteristics New transport networking layer (carrier grade solution) Next step (after SDH/SONET) to support ever growing data driven needs for bandwidth and emergence of new broadband services Terrabit/second per fiber via DWDM lines (transport level) Gigabit/second paths at 2.5 Gb/s, 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/s (networking level) Service transparency for SDH/SONET, ETHERNET, ATM, IP, MPLS No change of SDH/SONET! One exception; interpretation of STM-LOF alarm  + STM-AIS due to OTN fail Enhanced OAM & networking functionality for all services Shortest physical layer stack for data services (IP  OTN  Fiber) Multi-Carrier and Multi-Service Networking Using SONET/SDH is Limited Transparency - SONET/SDH can only network SONET/SDH payloads, not clear channel SONET/SDH signals Tandem Connection Monitoring - SONET/SDH TCM provides only limited support for service level agreement (SLA) verification and fault sectionalization across multi-carrier connections, even with operations systems involvement

OTN Characteristics Gigabit level bandwidth granularity required to scale and manage multi-Terabit networks Wavelength level switching maximizes nodal switching capacity, the gating factor for reconfigurable network capacity Avoids very large numbers of fine granularity pipes that stress network planning, administration, survivability, and management SONET/SDH technology limits switching/grooming capacity required to support dramatic growth of data in the core Scaleability - SONET/SDH STS-1/VC-4 level processing limits scaleability of large muxing/grooming XCs

Transitional Approaches - Assessment
Extended SDH (attempt at creating a new layer using SDH elements) Bandwidth multiplication by means of TDM  more Gigabit/s on fiber (4x) Proprietary approaches attempting to carry lower rate STM-N [including all overhead] as a “service” within a higher rate STM-M (M>N) strongly limited: SDH multiplexing hierarchy not designed to carry the STM-N (i.e. “itself”) as a service No timing transparency 90% of STM-N/OC-N overhead bytes not passed through No STM-N/OC-N independent monitoring Multiple proprietary implementations created in industry no interworking

Transitional Approaches - Assessment
Pre-OTN WDM (simple transport - vs. networking - solution) Bandwidth multiplication by means of WDM  Terabit/s on fiber (100x) Client signal (e.g. STM-N, GbE) direct on wavelength simple transport, no monitoring or client specific non-intrusive monitoring per client type a monitor is needed additional client type implies additional monitor to be added alarm suppression signal (e.g. AIS) specific per client type additional client type implies additional alarm suppression signal to be added Point-to-point application that can transport STM-N/OC-N as a service

Final Phase OTN (networking solution)
Management enabler of WDM network by means of addition of: Overhead to "" and "multi-" signals "non-associated" or "out-of-channel" overhead; e.g. preventing alarm storms Optical Channel (OCh) layer STM-N, IP, ATM and Ethernet signals mapped ("wrapped") into OCh frame (OCh Data Unit (ODUk)) First transmission technology in which each stakeholder gets its own (ODUk) connection monitoring In addition ODUk supports/provides: STM-N independent monitoring, becoming a service signal "itself", shortest physical layer stack for data services, TDM muxing, STM-N inverse multiplexing, client independent protection switching, plesiochronous timing (no sync network required)

O/E/O Objectives Minimise O/E/O processing in OTN
O/E/O processing at edges of administrative/vendor (sub)domains Span engineering O/E/O processing at edges of protected or switched domain Span engineering (short/long route effects) Signal Fail & Signal Degrade condition determination If more than 1 optical transparent subnetwork is included O/E/O processing at intermediate points Span engineering (long line sections) Losses in optical fabrics O/E & E/O processing around electrical fabric

Digital Processing Objectives
Digital processing at locations where O/E/O is already performed Fault and degradation detection Service Level Agreement (SLA) verification Signal Fail & Signal Degrade condition determination for protection and restoration (e.g. if high accuracy is required) Pure optical monitoring is still an issue. The assumption is to detect faults and/or degradations by digital monitoring at edges of domains and then initiate further fault localisation in the optical transparent domain using other means (e.g. additional measurement equipment).

Contents OTN Layer Networks OTN Rationale
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards Layer Networks Client Signals Optical Channel Structure Containment Relationships Example of Layer Network Trails OTN Interfaces Standardised and "Proprietary" Stacks

OTN Layer Networks & Client Signals
Three new layer networks: one "Gbit/s" path layer OCh two section layers OMSn OTSn single channel section layer: OPS0 Client signals: IP/MPLS ATM Ethernet STM-N IP/MPLS ATM ETHERNET STM-N STM-N GbE Interworking with pre-OTN Optical Channel (OCh) layer network OTM Physical Section (OPSn) OTM-0 OTM-nr, n>1 Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn) layer network Optical Transmission Section (OTSn) layer network Optical Transport Module of order n (OTM-n, n1)

Optical Channel Structure
Optical Channel layer network consists of 3+1 structures: Digital: OCh Data Unit (ODUk) OCh Payload Unit (OPUk, k=1,2,3) OCh Transport Unit (OTUk, OTUkV) Analogue: OCh IP ATM ETHERNET STM-N Optical Channel Payload Unit (OPUk) Optical Channel Data Unit (ODUk) OPUm (m>k) ODUm (m>k) ODUk CF TDM Multiplexing (TDM) ODUk multiplexing ODUk virtual concatenation CF: Connection Function Optical Channel Transport Unit (OTUk, OTUkV) Optical Channel (OCh) OCh CF STM-N GbE OPUk carries the client signal (comparable with "Container" in SDH) ODUk adds the (multi-level) connection monitoring capabilities to the OPUk (comparable with "Virtual Container" or "path" in SDH) OTUk prepares the ODUk for transport over long links (comparable with "regenerator section" in SDH) OCh is skinny signal at this moment. It represents the optical presentation of the signals. In the future more functionality may be added.

OTN Containment Relationships
OPSn OTUk Optical Channel (OCh) Optical Channel Carrier (OCC) OCC Client ODUk FEC OH OCh Transport Unit (OTUk) OPUk OCh Data Unit (ODUk) Client OCh Payload Unit (OPUk) Wrapper Associated overhead Optical Transport Module OTM Overhead Signal Optical Supervisory Channel OSC OOS OH Non-associated overhead OMSn OTSn Optical Multiplex Section Optical Transmission Section OPS0 Optical Physical Section k = 1,2,3 where G G G OCh Transport Unit (OCh Connection Mgt) OCh Data Unit(Monitoring w/ Nested Substructure) OCh Payload Unit (Rate Adaptation of Client) Non associated overhead, which will not be standardized

OTN Layer Network Trails
Example of OTSn, OMSn, OCh, OTUk, ODUk, OPS0 trails Transport of STM-N signal via OTM-0, OTM-n and STM-N lines STM-N ODU k OCh, OTU k OCh, OTUk OMSn OPS0 OTSn OSn DXC 3R 3R LT R OCADM 3R R LT DXC Client OTM-0 3R OTM-n STM-N Client ODXC LT Line Terminal w/ optical channel multiplexing OCADM Optical Channel Add/Drop Multiplexer ODXC ODU Cross-Connect 3R O/E/O w/ Reamplification, Reshaping & Retiming and monitoring R Repeater

OTN Interfaces User to Network Interface (UNI)
Network Node Interface (NNI) Inter Domain Interface (IrDI) Intra Domain Interface (IaDI) between equipment of different vendors (IrVI) within subnetwork of one vendor (IaVI) Network Operator B USER Network A Operator C OTM NNI IaDI-IrVI OTM NNI IrDI OTM UNI Vendor specific OTN islands [with "proprietary" OTM-n Interfaces (IaVI) interconnected via standardised OTM-nr/OTM-0 Interfaces carrying standardised OCh path signals (ODUk) like PDH networks OTM NNI IaDI-IaVI Vendor X Vendor Y

Standardised & "Proprietary" stacks
Proprietary elements: OTM-n.m optical parameters number of wavelengths bit rates of wavelengths supervisory channel OTUkV FEC frame format ODUk mapping OTUk ODUk Clients (e.g. STM-N, ATM, IP, Ethernet) OPUk ODUkP ODUkT OPSn OTM-0.m OTM-nr.m Reduced functionality OChr OCh substructure used between (and within) OTN transparent subnetworks OMSn OTSn OTM-n.m Full functionality OCh OTUkV used within OTN transparent subnetworks; implementations are very much technology dependent

Contents Multi level Connection Monitoring OTN Rationale
OTN Layer Networks Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards Application Nesting Overlapping

Multi-level Connection Monitoring: Applications
Status of working [protection] connection is monitored for SF and SD switch conditions QoS provided by leased circuit is monitored by User QoS of client signal transport is monitored by User QoS of provided leased circuit is monitored by Service Provider QoS of provided leased circuit is monitored by Network Operator ODUk switched circuit: UNI-UNI CM to initiate "connection re-establishment" ODUk Path CM Client Signal Verify QoS CM USR2 NO A UNI-UNI CM NO B NO C NNI-NNI CM Working Protection W/P CM USR1 Client Signal

Multi-level Connection Monitoring: Nesting

Multi-level Connection Monitoring: Nesting and Overlapping

Contents OTM Signals OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards OTM Interface Signals OTM-16r.m OTM-0.m OTM-n.m OTM Signals versus OTN I/F OTM Overhead Signal Frame Formats OTUk, ODUk Overhead OTUkV Overhead versus OTN I/F

OTM-16r.m Signal (m=1,2,3,12,23,123) Up to 16 wavelengths carrying traffic, with fixed 200 GHz grid independent of bit rate (2G5, 10G, 40G) Optical parameters according to ITU-T Recommendation G.959.1 Bit rate and format of the associated overhead according to ITU-T Recommendation G.709 No Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) non-associated overhead not required; i.e. 3R points at each end, no repeaters m=1 ==> 2G5, OTU1 m=2 ==> 10G, OTU2 m=3 ==> 40G, OTU3 m=12 ==> mixed bit rates 2G5,10G m=23 ==> mixed bit rates 10G, 40G m=123 ==> mixed bit rates 2G5, 10G, 40G

OTM-0.m Signal (m=1,2,3) Single channel signal ("colourless": 1310 or 1550 nm) Optical parameters according to ITU-T Recommendation G.959.1 Bit rate and format of the associated overhead according to ITU-T Recommendation G.709 No Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) non-associated overhead not required; i.e. 3R points at each end, no repeaters

OTM-n.m Signal (m=1,2,3,12,23,123) 3 Up to "n" wavelengths carrying traffic, with a grid dependent on bit rate 1 "out-of-band" Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) transporting the OTM Overhead Signal (OOS) OTM Overhead Signal transports OTS, OMS, OCh (non-associated) overhead and General management communications OCC (i.e. tributary slot width) bit rate dependence:  n x 2G5 [m GHz]  n/2 x 10G [2m GHz]  n/4 x 40G [4m GHz] other relationships may be introduced in future "n" represents the maximum number of smallest frequency slots (wavelengths) the interface may contain

OTM Signals versus OTN Interfaces

OTM Overhead Signal (OOS) «Non-associated overhead»
OOS functions subject to standardization OOS bit rate & format not standardized OCh OH extensions may be expected in future to support e.g. OCh protection (e.g. OCh SPring) Non-Associated overhead OMSn Vendor Specific BDI-O BDI-P PMI FDI-P FDI-O OTSn n 3 2 BDI-O BDI-P PMI TTI OCh 1 FDI-O FDI-P OCI OCh OH extensions may be expected in future to support e.g. OCh protection (e.g. OCh SPring) General Management Communications BDI: Backward Defect Indication FDI-O: Forward Defect Indication - Overhead FDI-P: Forward Defect Indication - Payload OCI: Open Connection Indication PMI: Payload Missing Indication TTI: Trail Trace Identifier

OTUk and ODUk frame formats (k=1,2,3)
7 8 14 15 16 17 3824 2 3 4 3825 4080 Alignm Alignment k indicates the order: G G G OTUk FEC OH OTUk - Optical Channel Transport Unit OPU k Payload OPUk OH OPUk - Optical Channel Payload Unit Client Signal mapped in OPUk Payload ODUk ODUk - Optical Channel Data Unit ODUk bit rate: 239/(239-k) * "STM-N" OTUk bit rate: 255/(239-k) * "STM-N"

OTUk and ODUk Overhead (k=1,2,3) «Associated overhead»
FAS Alignm OPU k Payload OPUk OH ODUk OTUk OH MFAS SM GCC0 RES Mapping & Concat Specific RES TCM5 TCM4 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 TCM6 TCM ACT FTFL PM EXP GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC PSI Mapping & Concat Specific 255 1 PT MFAS: MultiFrame Alignment Signal PCC: Protection Communication Control channel PM: Path Monitoring PSI: Payload Structure Identifier RES: Reserved for future international standardisation SM: Section Monitoring TCM: Tandem Connection Monitoring ACT: Activation/deactivation control channel APS: Automatic Protection Swiching coordination channel EXP: Experimental FAS: Frame Alignment Signal FTFL: Fault Type & Fault Location reporting channel GCC: General Communication Channel TTI BIP-8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PM BEI BDI STAT TCMi STAT TTI BIP-8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BEI/BIAE BDI

OTUkV (k=1,2,3) Frame format is vendor specific
Forward Error Correction code is vendor specific Minimum overhead set to support is: Trail Trace Identifier Error Detection Code (e.g. BIP) Backward Defect Indicator Backward Error Indicator (Backward) Incoming Alignment Error Other overhead is vendor specific ODUk mapping into OTUkV is vendor specific

Overhead versus OTN Interfaces
OTM Interface Ports on IP Router, ATM Switch, Ethernet Switch and SDH equipment should support the following minimum set of overhead OPUk Client Specific OPUk Payload Structure Identifier (PSI) ODUk Path Monitoring (PM) OTUk Section Monitoring (SM) Frame Alignment (FAS, MFAS)

Overhead passed through network OTM UNI to OTM UNI OTM NNI IrDI to OTM NNI IrDI

Overhead passed through network from OTM UNI to OTM UNI interface OPUk PSI, Client Specific ODUk PM, TCM ACT, TCM1..TCMn, TCM ACT, RES ODUk GCC1, GCC2 according contract ODUk APS/PCC definition is under study

Overhead passed through network from OTM NNI IrDI to OTM NNI IrDI interface OPUk PSI, Client Specific ODUk PM, TCM ACT, TCM1..TCMm, TCM ACT, FTFL, RES "m" in TCMm > "n" in TCMn (UNI-UNI) ODUk GCC1, GCC2 according contract ODUk APS/PCC definition is under study

Contents Maintenance Signals OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards Forward Defect Indication (FDI, AIS) Backward Defect & Error Indication (BDI, BEI) Open Connection Indication (OCI) Locked (LCK) Fault Type & Fault Location (FTFL)

OTN Maintenance Signals: Alarm Suppression
use of OTN maintenance signals FDI, AIS and PMI will reduce number of alarms from 500k to 1 per broken fiber R R at 3R point OCh-FDI is converted into ODUk-AIS OTS-PMI use of OTN maintenance signal OTS-PMI (and OMS-PMI) will prevent OTS [OMS] LOS alarm when none of l s is present OCh-FDI at line termination point OMS-FDI is converted into OCH-FDI OMS-FDI 1000 l /fiber x 96 fibers/cable x 5 cables/duct = 500k lost signals ==> 500k LOS alarms in network 3R R

OTN Maintenance Signals: Alarm Suppression (FDI, AIS)
AIS/FDI at clients AIS at ODUk OTUk FDI at OCh FDI/PMI at OMSn PMI at OTSn

OTN Maintenance Signals: Alarm Suppression (FDI, AIS)
Generated at egress of OMSn, OCh and ODUk Link Connections Inserted on detection of Signal Fail OMSn-FDI and OCh-FDI is non-associated overhead ODUk-AIS is special ODUk signal pattern (0xFF)

Generic-AIS [STM-AIS]
New maintenance STM-N level a continuous repeating 2047-bit PN-11 (1 + x9 + x11) sequence Generated in OTN tributary ports ingress trib: on detection of STM-N LOS egress trib: on detection of ODUk signal fail type defect To be detected in SDH line/trib ports in addition to STM-LOF as "STM-AIS"  In existing equipment detected as STM-LOF  detection insertion

OTN Maintenance Signals: Backward Information (BDI, BEI)
RDI/REI at Clients BDI/BEI at ODUk OTUk No BI at OCh BDI at OTSn OMSn

OTN Maintenance Signals: Open Connection Indication (OCI)
Generated in a Fabric Inserted when output port is not connected to input port OCh-OCI is non-associated overhead ODUk-OCI special ODUk signal pattern (0x66)

OTN Maintenance Signals: Locked (LCK)
Generated in ODUk Tandem Connection endpoint Inserted when Administrative State is Locked to block a user to access the connection to prevent test patterns within the network entering a user domain ODUk-LCK special ODUk signal pattern (0x55)

Fault Type & Fault Location (FTFL)
Helps Service Provider to automatically locate fault/degradation to specific Network Operator domain No need to call around any longer Section and Tandem Connection endpoints insert FTFL in forward direction on detection of SF or SD condition Specific FTFL function at UNI extracts forward info and sends it in opposite direction as backward info filters outgoing and incoming FTFL information (security issue) Specific FTFL extraction function reads FTFL forward and backward information at intermediate point along connection

Contents Mapping Client Signals OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards CBR (e.g. STM-N) IP, ETHERNET ATM Test Signals Bit stream with/without octet timing Bit Rate Agnostic CBR

Mapping STM-N (N=16,64,256) G.709 provides two mappings for STM-N signals bit synchronous asynchronous G.709 defines interworking between both mappings common demapper, and bit synchronous mapping has fixed Justification Control (JC) STM-16 STM-64 STM-256 D: Data, FS: Fixed Stuff, JC: Justification Control, N/PJO: Negative/Positive Justification Opportunity

Mapping IP and Ethernet
G.709 provides an encapsulation for packet based client signals There is no need for SDH or 10G-Ethernet to encapsulate IP A new protocol is being defined: Generic Framing Procedure a generic mechanism to carry any packet signal over fixed rate channels (e.g. SDH, SONET and OTN's ODUk) - ITU-T Rec. G.gfp Bandwidth for GFP stream in ODU1: kbit/s ODU2: kbit/s ODU3: kbit/s

Generic Framing Procedure G.7041

Mapping ATM G.709 provides a mapping for cell based client signals
Mapping ATM into ODUk is similar to mapping into SDH Bandwidth for ATM stream in ODU1: kbit/s ODU2: kbit/s ODU3: kbit/s

Mapping Test Signals G.709 provides a mapping for test signals
Two test signals are defined NULL sequence (all-0's)

Mapping Test Signals Two test signals are defined (continued)
bit Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) 1 + x28 + x31 groups of 8 successive PRBS bits are mapped into a data byte

Mapping bit stream with[out] octet timing
G.709 provides a generic mapping for client signals encapsulated into a bit stream, with or without octet timing A regional standards organisation or an industry forum may deploy this mapping for a new client signal It must also define the OPUk Client Specific (CS) overhead

Bit Rate Agnostic CBR Mapping
New mapping method which maps a CBR signal of any rate (within a range up to OPUk payload capacity) Bit rate is a fixed bit rate with a small tolerance in the ppm range. For inclusion in G.709 version 2 Description in G.709 Living List Further development in 2001/2002 timeframe

Contents Multiplexing OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards Wavelength Division Multiplex (WDM) Time Division Multiplex (TDM) TDM Tributary Slots TDM Overhead TDM Mapping

Wavelength Division Multiplex
OTM-16r.m signal 16 channels fixed 200 GHz grid independent of bit rate of OCh signal designed for interworking purposes OTM-n.m signal no predefined number of channels no predefined grid grid may depend on bit rate of OCh signal e.g. 25, 50, 100 GHz for OTU1, OTU2, OTU3 resp. developments in technology are driving capabilities

Wavelength Division Multiplex - Structure

Time Division Multiplex
TDM muxing in the OTN will be applied for: lower rate service signal transport in long distance line systems and/or sub-networks optimised for single (higher) bit rate increased throughput in optical fabrics and/or sub-networks reduced administrative complexity in large networks lower cost networks TDM muxing introduces additional complexity when tributary signal must be routed requires demux and mux stages around switch fabric

Time Division Multiplex
TDM muxing is muxing of ODUk signals into higher order ODUk signals ODU1 into ODU2 ODU1 and/or ODU2 into ODU3 ODU1 into ODU2 into ODU3 is possible, but not the recommended method when ODU1s are the service signals that are to be switched/cross connected within an "ODU3 network" if ODU1s enter such ODU3 network via ODU2, the ODU2 is terminated at the edge and the ODU1s are remultiplexed into an ODU3 if ODU2 is service signal, of course no demuxing/remuxing will occur at edges Multiplexing via byte interleaving

Time Division Multiplex - Structure

Time Division Multiplex - artist impression
4x ODU1 into ODU2 payload ODU1 adapted to ODU2 clock via justification adapted ODU1 signals byte interleaved into OPU2 ODU2 and OTU2 overhead added ODU1 floats in ¼ of the OPU2 ODU1 frame will cross an ODU2 frame boundary

Time Division Multiplex - ODU2 Tributary Slot Allocation

Time Division Multiplex - ODU3 Tributary Slot Allocation

Time Division Multiplex - Overhead MSI, JC, PJO1, PJO2

Time Division Multiplex - Mapping
Asynchronous mapping of ODU information bytes -1, 0, +1, +2 byte justification control ODU1 into ODU3 mapping includes Fixed Stuff column ODU1 into ODU2 and ODU2 into ODU3 mapping is without fixed stuff

Contents Virtual Concatenation OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards ODUk-Xv OPUk-Xv Overhead Mapping Client signals

Virtual Concatenation
Virtual Concatenated ODUk's ODUk-Xv, with X=1..256 Provide Ability to transport STM-64 and STM-256 signals via fibers not supporting 10G and/or 40G wavelengths STM-64 into ODU1-4v STM-256 into ODU2-4v or ODU1-16v Finer granularity bandwidth for data signals X * 2G5 [10G] [40G] via ODU1-Xv [ODU2-Xv] [ODU3-Xv] Application of Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS, Rec. G.7042) offers Hitless bandwidth modification Build in resilience when signal components routed via two or more diverse routes

Virtual Concatenation - Inverse muxing
Mapping of client signal into OPUk-X Inverse muxing of OPUk-X signal into X OPUk signals ODUk overhead is added to each of the X OPUk signals ODUk signals are transported

Virtual Concatenation - Overhead
PSI vcPT VCOH MFI1, MFI2 SQ LCAS CTRL GID RSA MST CRC8 Res

Virtual Concatenation - Mapping
STM-N asynchronous bitsynchronous ATM GFP (IP, ETH, MPLS) Test signals STM-64 into OPU1-4v STM-256 into OPU2-4v STM-256 into OPU1-16v

Contents OTN Standards OTN Rationale OTN Layer Networks
Multi level Connection Monitoring OTM Signals Maintenance Signals Mapping Client Signals Multiplexing Virtual Concatenation OTN Standards

OTN Standards in ITU-T - Transport Plane
Framework Network Architecture Structures and bit rates Equipment Equipment Management Function Protection Data Communication Network Jitter & Wander Performance Error Performance Physical Information Model Optical Safety Generic Framing Procedure Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme Bringing into Service & Maintenance Q factor measurement G.871 (10/00) G.872 (10/01) G.709 (02/01), G.709 am.1 (10/01) G.798 (10/01) G.874 (10/01), G.7710 (11/01) G.gps (2002), G.otnprot (2002) G.7712 (10/01) G.8251 (2002) G.optperf (2002) G (02/01), G.693, G.dsn (2003) G (10/01), G.875 (2002) G.664 (06/99) G.7041 (10/01) G.7042 (10/01) M.24otn (2003) O.qfm (?)

OTN Standards in ITU-T - Control Plane
Automatic Switched Transport Network Automatic Switched Optical Network Distributed Connection Management Automatic Discovery Techniques Routing Signalling Communication Network Link Resource Manager G.807 (05/01) G.8080 (10/01) G.7713 (10/01) G.7714 (10/01) G.7715 (2002) G.7712 (10/01) G.7716 (2002?)

OTN Standards in ITU-T

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