1. June 5, 1995 New York City, New York John B. Hamilton SE 6361 Z01 Advanced Requirements Engineering Fall 2012, Instructor Dr. Lawrence Chung Ph.D.

19. From personnel statements, inspection reports, and post accident examinations, The National Transportation and Safety Board (NTSB) concludes that the track, the train equipment and the signal system functioned as designed. Weather and visibility were not factors. Witnesses stated that it was clear and sunny. Results of post accident toxicological tests indicate that the J train operator was not impaired by alcohol or drugs. He reportedly was in good health and was an experienced and qualified NYCT train operator.

20. The National Transportation and Safety Board (NTSB) determines that the probable cause of this accident was the failure of the J train operator to comply with the stop indication because he was asleep and the failure of the train to stop within the block because of inadequate braking distance between signals on the Williamsburg Bridge. Contributing to the accident were the New York City Transit’s inadequate measures for ensuring employee compliance with proper radio procedures.

21. Develop a fatigue educational awareness program and distribute it to transit agencies to use in their fitness-for-duty training for supervisors and employees involved in safety-sensitive positions. The estimated cost of the installation of computer-based signaling on the entire NYCT system will cost $3.6 billion and take about 50 years.

22. National Transportation and Safety Board (NTSB) Railroad Accident Report Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Technical Rescue Incident Report http://www.wikipedia.org/