1. MikroTik Vendor Session © MikroTik 2005 1 MikroTik Vendor Session WISPNOG February 17-18 th, 2005 Chicago, IL

2. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20052 RouterOS Features  Routing. Static or dynamic, policy routing.  Bridging. Spanning tree protocol, multiple bridge interfaces, bridge firewall  Servers and Clients: DHCP, PPPoE, PPTP, PPP, DHCP Relay.  Cache: Web-proxy, DNS  HotSpot Gateway  Internal scripting language

3. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20053 RouterOS Interfaces  Ethernet 10/100, Gigabit  Wireless (Atheros, Prism, CISCO/Aironet) Access Point or Station/Client mode Access Point or Station/Client mode  Synchronous: V35, T1, Frame Relay  Asynchronous: Onboard serial, 8- port PCI  ISDN  xDSL  Virtual LAN (VLAN)

4. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20054 Network Management Tools  RouterOS offers a great number of tools : Ping, traceroute Ping, traceroute Bandwidth tester Bandwidth tester Traffic accounting Traffic accounting SNMP SNMP Torch Torch Packet Sniffer Packet Sniffer

5. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20055 Quality of Service (QoS)  Various queue types: RED, BFIFO, PFIFO, PCQ RED, BFIFO, PFIFO, PCQ  Easy to apply Simple Queues: By source/destination network/host IP address, interface By source/destination network/host IP address, interface  More complex Queue Trees: By protocol, port, connection type, hierarchical structure By protocol, port, connection type, hierarchical structure

6. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20056 Per Connection Queue (PCQ)  PCQ is used to equalize each particular user or each particular connection.  To use PCQ, new queue type(s) must be added with argument ‘kind=pcq’  Specify the desired ‘pcq-classifier’ and ‘pcq-rate’

7. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20057 PCQ Rate  Set the PCQ Rate to ‘0’, if you do not want to limit subqueues, i.e, they can use the bandwidth up to ‘max- limit’, if available.

8. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20058 PCQ Example  If ‘limit-at’ and ‘max- limit’ are set to ‘0’, then the subqueues can take up total bandwidth available for the parent.

9. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 20059 PCQ in Action I queue=pcq-down max-limit=512k 128k  Pcq-rate=128000 73k 128k 2 ‘users’4 ‘users’7 ‘users’

10. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200510 PCQ in Action II queue=pcq-down max-limit=512k  Pcq-rate=0 73k 512k 1 ‘user’7 ‘users’ 256k 2 ‘users’ 256k

11. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200511 P2P Traffic Marking

12. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200512 Strategy for P2P Traffic  Once the P2P traffic is marked, you can apply Firewall filters to drop all P2P traffic; Firewall filters to drop all P2P traffic; Policy routing to reroute it; Policy routing to reroute it; Queues to shape P2P down. Queues to shape P2P down.  Shaping is the most effective way of coping with P2P traffic Shape it all down to some [very low] limit, or, Shape it all down to some [very low] limit, or, Shape each user to different limit, or, Shape each user to different limit, or, Give each user certain amount of P2P bandwidth. Give each user certain amount of P2P bandwidth.

13. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200513 P2P Shaping

14. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200514 Wireless Distribution System  WDS (Wireless Distribution System) allows packets to pass from one wireless AP (Access Point) to another, just as if the APs were ports on a wired Ethernet switch.  APs must use the same standard (802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g) and work on the same frequencies in order to connect to each other.  WDS is used to make bridged networks across the wireless and to extend the network using wireless.

15. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200515 WDS Applications  AP1 and AP2 should be within RF range Test with the scan feature to see signal levels Test with the scan feature to see signal levels  WISP (Level 4) license can be used in case when bridged point-to-point link is required ST AP2 ST AP1 ST BR2BR1 WDS WDS

16. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200516 Wireless Distribution System STARCHAIN

17. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200517 Wireless Distribution System LOOP MESH

18. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200518 Wireless Distribution System  Add bridge interface on both APs: /interface bridge add name=bridge1 disabled=no  Add local Ethernet interface to the bridge on both APs: /interface bridge port set ether1 bridge=bridge1  Configure both AP1 and AP2 as an APs and enable WDS: /interface wireless set wlan1 mode=ap-bridge band=5ghz frequency=5300 wds-mode=dynamic wds-default- bridge=bridge1 AP2AP1 LAN WDS link

19. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200519 N-Streme Protocol MikroTik proprietary (i.e., incompatible with other vendors) wireless protocol created to improve point-to-point and point-to-multipoint wireless links. Nstreme2 (Dual) works with a pair of wireless cards (Atheros chipset cards only) – one transmitting, one receiving

20. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200520 N-Streme Protocol Benefits of nstreme protocol:  Client polling  Very low protocol overhead per frame allowing super-high data rates  No protocol limits on link distance  No protocol speed degradation for long link distances  Dynamic protocol adjustment depending on traffic type and resource usage

21. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200521 N-Streme Protocol To enable Nstreme you should make a working wireless link and then enable the nstreme protocol on the wireless link routers: /interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 enable-nstreme=yes If you want to increase the performance of the link then you need to specify one of the framer-policy, by default it is none: /interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 framer-policy=dynamic- size Now the wireless card will try to increase the performance by sending more bigger frames – it will make the frames bigger by adding multiple packets into one frame.

22. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200522 N-Streme 2 Protocol Full-duplex radio setup: Both routers have 2 wireless cards. AP1: wlan1 – receiving only; wlan2 – transmitting only AP2: wlan1 – transmitting only; wlan2 – receiving only AP1 AP2 TX RX wlan1 wlan2

23. MikroTik Vendor Session© MikroTik 200523 Information about Configuring MikrotTik  MikroTik Documentation http://www.mikrotik.com/documentation.html http://www.mikrotik.com/documentation.html  Please see MikroTik RouterOS™ How To MikroTik RouterOS™ How To Online Reference Manual Online Reference Manual