1. IPv4 Exhaustion & Implications IPv6 Workshop Manchester September 2013 Kateel Vijayananda kvijayan@cisco.com Wim Verrydt wverrydt@cisco.com

2. Copyrights This slideset is the ownership of the 6DEPLOY project via its partners The Powerpoint version of this material may be reused and modified only with written authorization Using any part of this material is allowed if credit is given to 6DEPLOY The PDF files are available from www.6deploy.eu Looking for a contact ? Mail to: martin.potts@martel-consulting.ch Or: bernard.tuy@renater.fr

3. Contribs & updates Bernard Tuy, RENATER Alvaro Vives, Consulintel Laurent Toutain, Telecom B. Bernard Tuy, RENATER Alvaro Vives, Consulintel Bernard Tuy, RENATER Carlos Friaças, FCCN Mukom Akong Tamon, AfriNIC 05/2008 06/2008 09/2008 11/2008 03/2009 04/2009 04/2012 11/2012 This slideset includes mostly slides from AfriNIC. Please also visit http://learn.afrinic.net

4. Contents 1. How does address distribution works? 2. IPv4 Address space status 3. IPv4 Exhaustion 4. Implications

5.  Hierarchical & Regional How does address distribution work?

6. Source: http://www.nro.net/wp-content/uploads/nro-stats-2012-q3.pdf IPv4 Address space status

7. Source: http://www.ipv4depletion.com Fairness ?

8. Source: http://www.nro.net/statistics IPv4 Regional Allocations

9. Source: http://www.nro.net/statistics IPv4 Exhaustion - What’s left?

10. IPv4 Exhaustion – When? 4/16/2015Routing Protocols10 Source: http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html

11. RIPE/NCC Service Region Exhaustion Sep 14

12.  Yes! There is a «running out fairly» policy in place, in order to preserve the last IPv4 address blocks in the region.  On the 3 RIRs which haven’t still «exhausted» the assignment policy is still based on documented/proved needs.  In the remaining two regions, the «running out fairly» policy is already active! No more than 1024 new IPv4 addresses per member/ISP. Have we really ran out?

13. RIR Allocation Policies AfriNIC: http://www.afrinic.net/IPv6/index.htm http://afrinic.net/en/library/policies/122-afpub-2004-v6-001 * APNIC: http://www.apnic.net/docs/index.html http://www.apnic.net/policy/ipv6-address-policy.html * ARIN: http://www.arin.net/policy/index.html http://www.arin.net/policy/nrpm.html#ipv6 * LACNIC: http://lacnic.net/sp/politicas/ http://lacnic.net/sp/politicas/ipv6.html * RIPE-NCC: http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/current-ripe-documents/ipv6-documents http://www.ripe.net/ripe/docs/ipv6policy.html * *describes policies for the allocation and assignment of globally unique IPv6 address space

14. RIR Allocation Statistics  AfriNIC:  http://www.afrinic.net/statistics/  APNIC:  http://www.apnic.net/publications/research-and-insights/stats  ARIN:  http://www.arin.net/statistics/index.html  LACNIC:  http://lacnic.org/sp/est.html  RIPE-NCC:  https://labs.ripe.net/statistics/?tags=allocation

15.  A new ISP/company (in the RIPE/NCC service region) cannot get more than 1024 IPv4 addresses from the RIR  Clearly not enough if you are planning a network for a reasonable amount of customers.  The alternative is to find someone who is able to «transfer» address blocks  For a reasonable price…  Lack of offer may be a problem.  Anyway, for continued growth on the public Internet, IPv6 is the only solution Implications

16. Implications: Cost

17. Implications: Black Markets Black markets have well-known negative consequences

18. Implications: Again, cost! IPv4 network IPv6

19. Implications: How to deal? IPv4 ? ? IPv4 preservation with NAPT IPv6 Deployment

20.  IPv4 is «exhausted» in Europe and Asia/Pacific  Implications: «Cost» is the keyword  IPv6 is unavoidable Conclusions

21. Questions