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Published byTamara Gaultney Modified over 9 years ago
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IPv4 and IPv6 Interoperability Chap 12
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IPv6 Objectives Expanded Addressing Capabilities Header Format Simplification Improved Support for Extensions and Options Flow Labeling Capability Authentication and Privacy Capabilities
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IPv6 Features Features 128-bit addresses (classless) multicast real-time service authentication and security autoconfiguration end-to-end fragmentation protocol extensions Header 40-byte “base” header extension headers (fixed order, mostly fixed length) fragmentation source routing authentication and security other options
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Terminologies
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IPv6 Header Format(1) IPv4 Header Format IPv6 Header Format
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Extension Headers Extension Header Order IPv6 header Hop-by-Hop Options header Destination Options header Processing option for node indicated by IPv6 Destination Address & Routing header’s list Routing header Fragment header Authentication header Encapsulating Security Payload header Destination Options header Only by the final destination of the packet Upper-layer header
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IPv6 Addressing Model IPv6 addresses of all types are assigned to interfaces. All interface are required to have at least one link-local unicast address. A single interface may also be assigned multiple IPv6 addresses of any type or scope. Currently IPv6 continues the IPv4 model that a subnet prefix is associated with one link.
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Text Representation of Address X:X:X:X:X:X:X:X (X: Hexadecimal) ex) FEDC:BA98:7654:3210:FEDC:BA98:7654:3210 In order to make writing addresses containing zero bits easier a special syntax is available to compress the zeros. ex) 1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A -> 1080::8:800:200C:417A = a unicast addr. FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:101 -> FF01::101 = a multicast addr. 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 -> ::1 = loopback addr. 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 -> :: = unspecified addr. X:X:X:X:X:X:d.d.d.d A mixed environment of IPv4 and IPv6. ex) 0:0:0:0:0:0:13.1.68.3 0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:129.144.52.38
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Unicast Addresses: Global Aggregatable Global Addresses FP : Format Prefix(001) TLA ID : Top-Level Aggregation ID RES : Reserved for Future use NLA ID : Next-Level Aggregation ID SLA ID : Site-Level Aggregation ID INTERFACE ID : Interface ID Public Topology Site Topology Interface Topology Network Portion /64 Host Portion ex) 2002:230::/35 -> 001 0000000000010, ETRI TLA 3ffe:2e00::/24 -> 001 1111111111110, 6Bone-KR general global unicast format
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Unicast Addresses: Link/Site-local Local-Use IPv6 Unicast Addresses designed to be used for addressing on a single link for purpose such as auto-address configuration, neighbor discovery, or when no routers are present Site-Local addresses designed to be used for addressing inside of a site without the need for a global prefix.
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Unicast Addresses: etc IPv6 Address with Embedded IPv4 Addresses IPv4-compatible IPv6 address To tunnel IPv6 packets over IPv4 routing infrastructure IPv4-mapped IPv6 address To represent IPv4-only addresses.
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Anycast Addresses Expected Use 특정한 서비스제공업체들을 통해 전달되도록 하기 위한 중간 주소로 사용가능. 특정 서브넷에 부착된 라우터들의 집합이나 특정 라우팅 도메인으로의 엔트리를 제공하는 라우터들의 집합을 식별하는 용도로 사용가능. Subnet Anycast Addresses Packets sent to the Subnet-Router anycast address will be delivered to one router on the subnet.
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Multicast Addresses Multicast 주소형식 Flags is a set of 4 Flags T = 0, 영구 할당 주소용 T = 1, 임시 할당 주소용 Scope is a 4-bit multicast scope value
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IPv6 address-Testing Macros
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IPv4 Client, IPv6 Server IPv6 Server on dual stack (Protocol-indep 하게 프로그래밍함이 바람직함 ) Protocol-indep server
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IPv6 Client, IPv4 Server Processing in Client
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