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1 M.1. Cell Chemistry M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds M.1.2. Building Blocks of Cells M.1.2.1. Sugars M.1.2.2. Fatty Acids M.1.2.3. Amino Acids M.1.2.4. Nucleotides.

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Presentation on theme: "1 M.1. Cell Chemistry M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds M.1.2. Building Blocks of Cells M.1.2.1. Sugars M.1.2.2. Fatty Acids M.1.2.3. Amino Acids M.1.2.4. Nucleotides."— Presentation transcript:

1 1 M.1. Cell Chemistry M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds M.1.2. Building Blocks of Cells M.1.2.1. Sugars M.1.2.2. Fatty Acids M.1.2.3. Amino Acids M.1.2.4. Nucleotides M.1.2.5. The Big Picture M.2. Biosynthesis -------------------------------------------------------------------

2 2 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Atom Atomic weight of 1 = 1 x 10 -23 g Atomic wt ~ 0

3 3 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Moles and Molar Solution Q: How heavy is 1 more of carbon?

4 4 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Relative Abundance of Elements

5 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell5 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Electronic Shell valency stable

6 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell6 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Covalent and Ionic Bonds ‘strong’weak

7 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell7 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Sodium Chloride

8 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell8 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: The Geometry of Covalent Bonds

9 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell9 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Different Single vs Double Bond

10 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell10 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Polar and Nonpolar Covalent Bonds

11 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell11 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: The Van der Waals Force

12 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell12 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: 3 representations

13 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell13 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Acids and Bases

14 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell14 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Effect of Dipoles

15 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell15 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Hydrogen Bonds

16 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell16 M.1.1. Atoms and Bonds: Complementary Surface

17 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell17 M1.2.4. Nucleotides:: Building Blocks

18 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell18 M1.2.1. Sugars: Sugar Glucose: C 6 H 12 O 6 Different Isoforms exist Sugar – monosaccharides, (CH 2 O) n where n = 3,4,5, 6 or 8 usually

19 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell19 M1.2.1. Sugars: Condensation and Hydrolysis

20 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell20 M1.2.1. Sugars: Dissacharides oligosaccharides Polygosaccharides (thousands of monsaccharides) Usually used to store enegry: Glycogen in animal and Starch in Plants Glycoprotein, glycolipids

21 Carbohydrates CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell21

22 Cellulose vs. Amylose CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell22

23 Cellulose vs. Amylose CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell23

24 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell24

25 Chitin CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell25

26 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell26 M1.2.2. Fatty Acids: Fatty Acid Unsaturated fat: Double bond happens somewhere along the chain. Saturated fat: No double double bond, tend to pack together into a solid mass. Common in animal fat. Fat – use as energy storage Lipids – Fatty acids and their derivatives. Insoluble in water but soluble in Fat or organic solvent

27 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell27 M1.2.2. Fatty Acids: Cell Wall

28 Lipid intro CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell28

29 Triglyceride structure CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell29

30 Triglyceride formation CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell30

31 Saturated vs. Unsaturated fatty acids CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell31

32 Sat vs. Unsat lipids CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell32

33 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell33 M1.2.3. Amino Acids: Ionized Form and Non-ionized Form

34 Amino acids CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell34

35 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell35

36 Peptide bond formation CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell36

37 Protein structure CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell37

38 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell38 M1.2.3. Amino Acids: Amino Acid Chain ‘20’ different amino acids

39 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell39 M1.2.3. Amino Acids: Charge at the Amino Acid Side Chain

40 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell40 M1.2.4. Nucleotides: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

41 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell41 M1.2.4. Nucleotides: ATP, the Energy Carrier

42 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell42 M1.2.4. Nucleotides: DNA chain

43 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell43 M1.2.5. The Big Picture: Macromolecules

44 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell44 M1.2.5. The Big Picture : Relative Abundance

45 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell45 M1.2.5. The Big Picture : RNA and Protein Folding Non-covalent bonds

46 CS 6463: (M) Chemical Components of a Cell46 M1.2.5. The Big Picture : From Small Building Blocks to Large Assemblies

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