1. 1 Review What are chromosomes Compare and Contrast How does the structure of chromosomes differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes 2 Review What happens during each of the four phases of mitosis- write one or two sentences about each Predict What do you think would happen if the spindle fibers were disrupted during metaphase

2. Ch 10 Cell Growth and Division
10.2 The Process of Cell Division

3. Chromosomes
Carries and passes on genetic information from one generation to another
Each cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins
Each daughter cell gets its own copy
Different organisms have different number of chromosomes.

4. Prokaryotic Chromosomes
Most prokaryotes contain a single, circular chromosome
Located in the cytoplasm (no nucleus).

5. Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Located in the nucleus
Made up of chromatin
DNA and histone proteins.

6. Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Chromatin is DNA and histone proteins.

7. Eukaryotic Chromosomes
DNA coils around histones to make nuclesome.

8. Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Nucleosomes coil and form supercoils that form chromosomes.

9. The Prokaryotic Cell Cycle
Regular pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division
Binary fission
Asexual reproduction
Two genetically identical cells are produced.

10. The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
G1, S, G2, and M
Interphase is G1, S, and G2.

11. G1 Phase: Cell Growth
Cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins and organelles.

12. S Phase: DNA Replication
New DNA is synthesized (chromosomes are replicated).

13. G2 Phase: Preparing for Cell Division
Organelles and molecules are produced.

14. M Phase: Cell Division Mitosis Cytokinesis
Division of the cell nucleus
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm.

15. Cell Structures Involved in Mitosis
Chromatid
Each strand of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere
Area where each pair of chromatids is joined
Centrioles
Tiny structures in cytoplasm of animal cells that help organize the spindle
Spindle
Fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromatids.

16. Mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase.

17. Prophase
Chromosome condense and become visible.

18. Prophase Chromosome condense and become visible
Centrioles move to opposite sides.

19. Prophase Chromosome condense and become visible
Centrioles move to opposite sides
The spindle forms.

20. Prophase Chromosome condense and become visible
Centrioles move to opposite sides
The spindle forms
Nucleolus disappears and nuclear envelope breaks down.

21. Metaphase
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.

22. Metaphase Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
Spindle fibers connect the centromere.

23. Anaphase The chromatids separate
Chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends.

24. Telophase Chromosomes arrive at poles Nuclear envelope reforms
Spindle breaks apart.

25. Animal Cytokinesis
Cell membrane is drawn in until the cytoplasm is pinched into two equal parts containing its own nucleus and organelles.

26. Plant Cytokinesis Cell plate forms between the divided nuclei
Forms into a cell membranes
Cell wall created between the membranes.