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High Prevalence of Cervical Deformity and Instability Requires Surveillance in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome by Sara K. Fuhrhop, Mark J. McElroy, Harry C. Dietz, Gretchen L. MacCarrick, and Paul D. Sponseller J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 97(5):411-419 March 4, 2015 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Axial computed tomogram showing off-center odontoid (ratio of 0.34) in a nine-year-old girl without other cervical anomalies. Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Prevalence of common cervical spine abnormalities in Loeys-Dietz syndrome. Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Eight-month-old boy with C3 hypoplasia, resulting in focal kyphosis and subaxial instability, who demonstrated motor delay and weakness. Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Thirty-month-old boy with C3 hypoplasia, resulting in focal kyphosis and subaxial instability, who presented with apneic episodes and motor delay. Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Twenty-three-year-old man with C4 hypoplasia resulting in focal kyphosis (Fig. 4-C) and sixty- year-old man with C3 hypoplasia resulting in focal kyphosis and subaxial instability (Fig. 4-D). Sara K. Fuhrhop et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2015;97:411- 419 ©2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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