2. The Present Subjunctive

3. The Subjunctive l Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

4. The Subjunctive l Aprendo español en esta clase

5. The Subjunctive l Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.

6. The Subjunctive l We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do. We also use it to express doubt.

7. l Basically, we use to subjunctive mood whenever there is uncertainty or subjectivity about someone or something else.

8. l Quiero ir al cine= I want to go to the movies. l Quiero que tu vayas al cine conmigo= l I want you to go to the movies with me l Es importante que estudies el español= l Es bueno que saques buenas notas

9. The Subjunctive l A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. l For example:

10. The Subjunctive l Quiero que tú estudies tu lista verde l I want you to study your green list.

11. The Subjunctive l Sugiero que bebas agua antes de correr. l I suggest that you drink water before running.

12. The Subjunctive l El entrenador exige que los atletas corran mucho l The trainer demands that the athletes run a lot

13. The Subjunctive l You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as es necesario…es bueno…and es importante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive.

14. The Subjunctive l Es necesario que hagas ejercicio. l It’s necessary that you do exercise. l Es importante que los jóvenes coman bien. l It’s important that the young people eat well.

15. The Subjunctive l Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:

16. 2 Clauses Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Indicative Verb Subjunctive Verb

17. The Subjunctive l The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, expression of desire, impersonal expression) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

18. The Subjunctive l Verbs that are often follewed by que + subjunctive: l Decir l Insistir en l Necesitar l Permitir l Preferir (e > ie) l Prohibir l Querer (e > ie) l Recomendar (e > ie) l Sugerir (e > ie)

19. The Subjunctive l Impersonal expressions that are often followed by que+subjunctive l Es necesario que. l Es importante que l Es bueno que l Es malo que

20. l We use the subjunctive after the word “cuando” ONLY when the event has not yet occurred. l Cuando era pequeño, iba al parque l Cuando tenga 21 años, iré a la discoteca

21. The Subjunctive l To form the present subjunctive, we drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

22. The Subjunctive l For -ar verbs: l e, es, e, emos, éis, en l For -er/-ir verbs: l a, as, a, amos, áis, an

23. HABLAR- To speak,talk hable hables hable hablemos habléis hablen

24. DORMIR duerma duermas duerma dormamos dormáis duerman

25. DECIR – to say/tell diga digas diga digamos digáis digan

26. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive. We have called these “go-go” verbs.

27. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l venir l decir l hacer l poner l salir l tener l traer

28. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs hacer hag-ohaga tener teng-otenga

29. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.

30. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs buscar buscobusque pagarpagopague cruzarcruzocruce

31. l We use the subjunctive mood when we express l UNCERTAINTY l SUBJECTIVITY