1. INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO HPMP APPROVALS AND TECHNOLOGY

2. 1 BACKGROUND  HPMP content guidelines adopted through ExCom Decision 54/39 and Document UNEP/OzL.Pro/ExCom/54/59, Annex-XIX)  HPMP funding guidelines adopted through ExCom Decision 60/44 (to be reviewed in 2013)  ExCom guidance briefly covers: o Substances to be prioritized (higher ODP) o Sectors to be prioritized (Foams) o How HPMPs should be prepared including level of information expected o Maximum funding to be provided

3. 2 HPMPs APPROVED SO FAR  Globally about 23 A5 countries account for over 93% of the HCFC consumption  HPMPs for about 81 (out of the 145) A5 countries approved so far  Major A5 countries with HPMPs approved include: Brazil, China, Colombia, Indonesia, Iran, Mexico, Nigeria, Vietnam  Major A5 countries with HPMPs not yet approved include: Egypt, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey

4. 3 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES  MOP Decision XIX/6 urges parties to select technologies for replacing HCFCs, that minimize adverse impacts on environment, health and safety  The decision also asks ExCom to prioritize activities for funding that are cost-effective and maximize climate benefits taking into account national circumstances  Basically, the spirit of MOP Decision XIX/6, is that alternative technologies for HCFCs, should be better for environment, health and safety

5. 4 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES (CONT’D)  Over 75% of the global consumption of HCFCs in metric tonnes is by HCFC-22 (R-22)  HCFC-22 is predominantly used as a refrigerant in air conditioning and refrigeration equipment  Air-conditioners have become a part of daily life for large sections of populations in developing countries  Large proportion of HCFC-141b consumption, is as a blowing agent in PU foams. A significant proportion of that consumption in developing countries is in SMEs and rigid polyurethane foams

6. 5 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES (CONT’D)  Significant portion of the HCFC-141b and HCFC-22 consumption (in manufacturing in developing countries), is in appliances such as air-conditioners and refrigerators  Appliances are a significant source of energy consumption in households and other buildings  Energy costs are increasing in developing countries  Energy-efficiency is an important consideration in selecting alternatives to HCFC-141b and HCFC-22  Health (toxicity) and Safety (flammability) are other important considerations

7. 6 THANK YOU! Comments, suggestions and questions welcome http://www.undp.org/chemicals/montrealprotocol.htm suely.carvalho@undp.org nandan.chirmulay@undp.org