2. T3: National Facilities - Photons, Neutrons, End Stations Mark Antonio (Argonne)* # Simon Bare (Universal Oil Product LLC) # Alex Bell (UC-Berkeley) Juergen Eckert & Mike Janicke (Los Alamos)* Robert Hwang (Sandia) Chi-Chang Kao (Brookhaven)* Chun Loong (Argonne), Chair* Richard Kemp (Sandia)* # David Mullins (Oak Ridge)* Anders Nilsson (Stanford)* Jens Rostrop-Nielsen (Haldor Topsoe Internatioanl A/S) # Raymond Teller (Argonne)* # Richard Tuinstra (Dow Chemical) # Charles Peden (Pacific Northwest Lab) # Industry *Facility

3. SYNCHROTRON X-RAY AND NEUTRON SOURCES AT DOE LABS OFFER THE CATALYSIS COMMUNITY UNIQUE CAPABILITIES IN MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION Major Challenges Emerging new tools and opportunities Possible role(s) of the Catalysis Research Centers

4. Major Challenges Research at the neutron and photon facilities are difficult and high risk. The techniques are foreign and novel and data interpretation is often difficult and time consuming. Beamlines are not generally setup for catalytic studies. Ancillary equipment such as GC/MS, mass flow controllers, heated transfer lines, etc. are not readily available. This equipment usually has to be provided by the individual experimenter. Facility staff may not be familiar with catalytic processes and cannot adequately respond to users’ needs. Access is difficult and intermittent. Beam time is frequently assigned through as proposal system that produces a gap of several months between an idea and an experiment, and between experiments. This is not conducive to the feedback required for catalytic research. Industrial usage has been limited by a perception that proprietary rights are difficult to negotiate.

5. New Emerging Tools at Facilities and Opportunities Global structure - crystallographic phases, composition, morphology, disordered and defects structure, aggregate, clusters and colloids in powders and solutions Local environment with elemental and oxidation-state resolution Determination of adsorbate-substrate interactions, intermediate species and products Electron transfer in chemical reactions Global kinetics Trace-element analysis Surface Chemistry and atomic diffusion Chemistry – Nanostructure relation Structure – Chemical Function relation Multi-dimensional imaging

6. Possible Role(s) of Catalysis Research Centers Provide catalysis tools consistent with techniques at catalysis labs in academia and industry Fund ancillary devices for beamlines to allow in-situ measurements Support dedicated beamlines at facilities to allow full use of techniques specifically designed to address catalyst characterization. Foster a proposal system that funds joint capital projects at universities and national labs to encourage the development of state-of-the-art instrumentation Fund joint appointments between the Centers and academic institutions, Centers and user facilities, and sabbatical programs to encourage collaboration Fund and host graduate students and postdoctoral fellows to encourage cross fertilization Serve as a focal point of intellectual capital in the catalysis community -- hold workshops and hosting conferences Have a strong theory component