1. United Nations Environment Programme PROMOTING LOW-GWP REFRIGERANTS FOR AIR-CONDITIONING SECTORS IN HIGH AMBIENT COUNTRIES (PRAHA) United Nations Industrial Development Organization 1

2. UNEP-UNIDO Project of promoting low-GWP alternatives for the A/C industry in high-ambient countries (PRAHA) Project Components Building and testing prototypes (8 regional mfg + 6 Technology Providers will build and test prototypes ) Study on Long-Term Feasible Technologies (Two pilot studies under preparation in Kuwait and Qatar) Coordinating phase-out requirements with MEPS programs 2

3. 1.Assess available technologies Building, testing, and comparing prototypes with alternatives Examining the technical feasibility of available options 2.Assess relevant Energy Efficiency (EE) standards and codes Link assessing future alternatives with local MEPS 3.Economic comparison of alternative technologies Assess cost implications of suggested alternatives at different levels i.e. manufacturing, final product, service, etc. 4.Promoting Technology transfer Examine and the issues related to transferring the technology and facilitate such technology transfer through the HPMP and MLF as feasible 3 Key Project Elements

4. Prototype Testing of Low-GWP alternatives vs. current HCFC & HFC systems 4

5. What PRAHA is and is not! PRAHA is testing the performance of prototypes working with alternative refrigerants but not the characteristics of the alternatives; PRAHA compares low-GWP alternatives but will not recommend one alternative; PRAHA tests custom-built prototypes designed for the new alternatives and not as soft-optimized drop-in. 5 PRAHA is not a decision making process but is a tool to assist in the decision making

6. Regional Manufacturers Alessa (KSA) AWAL Gulf (Bahrain) Coolex RIC (Kuwait) GAMI (UAE) Petra (KSA) SKM (UAE) Zamil (KSA) Technology Providers DuPont Honeywell Daikin Emerson GMCC Highly 6 PRAHA Partners

7. Alternative refrigerant selection PressureGWPFlammability R-22 or R-410A Eq. 0 to 677 A1 to A3 7

8. Application selection Installed bank Market trend 50 Hz or 60 Hz Manufactured by several stakeholders Testing facility match 8

9. Categories and Prototypes 9 60 Hz50 Hz Window (18 MBH) Decorative (24 MBH) Ducted (36 MBH) Packaged (90 MBH) R32 HFO1 HFO2 HC R22 HFC base

10. Number of Tests 10 Number of testsWindowDecorativeDuctedPackaged Prototype per category* Total prototypes Number of tests conditions per prototype* * Total Number of tests BaseR22 1*428 HFC baseR407R410 R407/R4101428 R32NoYes No24312 HFO1Yes 28324 HFO2Yes 28324 HCNoYesNo 2236 Total 3082 * One prototype per category for base units, two prototypes for alternative refrigerants ** Base units test only at high ambient

11. Findings sharing matrix 11 Output Tech Provider OEM Manufacturer NOU - Country Other Stakeholders Complete test result/prototype Yes* No Refrigerant parameters Yes No Comparison of resultsYes * Test results will only be provided after the final report has been issued.

12. Project Timeline Prototype Building To be finalized 4Q2014 Several already available Prototype Testing Projected 1Q2015 Logistics being worked out Findings Report Draft by 2Q2015 Final by 3Q2015 12

13. Future Refrigerant Performance Prosperity & development EnvironmentSafety Cost & Economics Sustainability 13 The Future We Want

14. The Research We Want! 1.Developing products for local applications: Based on market research for the most installed 2.Developing products for local conditions: Based on local design temperatures 3.Developing products for local standards: Based on prevailing MEPS in the region 4.Developing products for local practices: For proper installation, operation, and service 14

15. Cooperation with AREP Project Setting the criteria and the conditions for testing; Identifying and assisting in setting the parameters to be reported. AHRI provided it’s Low-GWP AREP Participants Handbook. Sharing the list of independent reliable labs known to AHRI; Sharing the results and the outputs for possible comparison. 15

16.  Selection of alternatives should be sustainable i.e. leapfrogging high/higher GWP alternatives to avoid double phase-out that may arise  Selection of alternatives needs to be linked to national initiatives on equipment MEPS as well as any related Energy Efficiency codes  Future Refrigerants likely to have flammability characteristics, hence relevant norms/standards need to be in place (such work requires long-term efforts)  Think outside the box i.e. promoting non-conventional technologies (Absorption, Geo-Thermal, DC solutions, etc.) PRAHA Key Messages 16

17. Lessons learned & conclusions to-date Wide acceptability of the project at all levels; Commitment of local manufacturers to the project in spite of the rush to meet the changing MEPS conditions; Commitment of international technology providers to the project; Availability of components for T3 conditions; Shipping challenges of new flammable, or mildly flammable, refrigerants to the region; Patents? 17

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