1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

3. Part 1 Part 1

4. Isthmus Pyramidal lobe Right lobeLeft lobe

10. Ciliary body Choroid plexus Salivary gland Mammary gland Gastric mucosa Placenta

28. proteins enzymes

30. Mechanism of Action Mechanism of Action

34. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs I – Effects on Metabolism. I - 1. Cell Metabolic activity. a – Mitochondria : # & size. b – Cell membrane ions transport : stimulation of Na / K pump.

35. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs I - 2. Body metabolic processes. a – Carbohydrate metabolism : increased = glucose absorption by GIT, insulin secretion & uptake by cell : glycolysis, gluconeogenesis. b – Fat metabolism : Increased FA oxidation & depletion of fat stores c – Plasma lipids : decrease plasma cholestrol : increased secretion in bile & stools. Increased # of liver LDL receptors.

38. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs I - 2. Body metabolic processes. a – Carbohydrate metabolism : increased = glucose absorption by GIT, insulin secretion & uptake by cell : glycolysis, gluconeogenesis. b – Fat metabolism : Increased FA oxidation & depletion of fat stores c – Plasma lipids : decrease plasma cholestrol : increased secretion in bile & stools. Increased # of liver LDL receptors. d – Basal Metabolic Rate : BMR : BEE = normal body wt.

39. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs II – Effects on Growth. a - Growth & Development of brain. b - Skeletal growth. III – Effects on body systems. a – Primary effect. b – Secondary effect. Stimulate O2 consumption : GIT, endocrine, Respiratory, CVS, ….. Except anterior pituitary, adult brain, testes, uterus, lymph nodes & spleen

40. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs Except anterior pituitary adult brain testes, uterus, lymph nodes & spleen

41. TSH

43. Physiologic effects of thyroid Hs II – Effects on Growth. a - Growth & Development of brain. b - Skeletal growth. III – Effects on body systems. a – Primary effect. b – Secondary effect. CVS : Heart : Chronotropic : Increased # & affinity of  adr. receptors Inotropic : Enhance response to circulating catecholamines Increased atrial  MHC with more ATPase activity.

47. TRH TSH T4T4 T3T3 Tissues

48. TSH