1. Chs 7 & 8 Dr. Ron Lembke Sustainability

2. 5:Global Weirding In the US, it’s a political issue, so there must be two sides? CO2 280 ppm for human history Last 250 years up to 384 ppm – where we are now Milankovich Cycles (pp 117-8): Earth’s orbit not circular, 100,000 year cycle Tilted axis shifts: 40,000 year cycle Plane of orbit relative to sun: 21,000 year cycle I don’t think so

3. 5: Climate Models 5 year old data – China high gear IPCC Summary for Policymakers Political document 7”-23” ocean rise We’re at 384 ppm 450 ppm would be 2°C increase 550 ppm would lead to 3° C increase Used to be target Pests not killed by freezes Ice sheets melting faster than predicted Oceans more acidic than thought 350? Really hard

4. Methane frozen in Tundra Arctic, Western Siberia, Alaska 500 billion tons – converted to methane Methane 21 times the impact of CO2. Equivalent to 10 trillion tons of CO2 730 trillion tons of CO2 currently? 3,000 trillion tons of CO2 currently?

5. Global Weirding Atlanta Water shortage? Why more than used to? Montana: Elk season had to be moved No trout in the streams Snowcaps in August gone Higher temperatures increase evaporation Soils drying out More water in the atmosphere, has to come down Means when it rains, it pours, more huge downpours Changing wind patterns Search “cities hardest hit by climate change evaporation” Nevada came up first: http://www.cier.umd.edu/climateadaptation/Climate%20change--NEVADA.pdf

6. Cedar River broke record by 6 feet

7. ecosystem services fresh water, filter pollutants, breeding grounds for fisheries, buffer from tropical storms, insects that pollinate our crops, take CO2 out of the atmosphere 6: Who cares about biodiversity?

8. “uniquely valuable library we have been burning down -- one wing at a time -- before we have even cataloged all the books, let alone read them all” 1,000 times the background rate Localized as humans moved around: Bering Strait 12,000 yrs ago Sabre Tooth Tigers Wooly Mammoths Burning Down the House

9. Roughly elephant-sized: 14 ft high, 6-9 TONS Woolly Mammoths

10. 51” high at the shoulder Weighed up to 800 lbs Extinct 10,000 yrs ago Smilodon populator (Sabertooth Tigers)

11. Voracious caterpillars of American moth saved Australia's pastureland from an overgrowth of cactus Madagascar - rosy periwinkle alkaloids cure most cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute childhood leukemia obscure Norwegian fungus made possible the organ transplant industry saliva of leeches solvent that prevents blood clots during/after surgery What we can Find

12. Every 20 minutes, One species goes extinct 1,200 acres of forest burned, cleared for development CO 2 from deforestation Greater than all transportation emissions Europe: Biofuels not from nature reserves, tropical forests, grasslands with high biodiversity More CO 2 released than saved “black carbon” – ash shorter lived in atmosphere Deforestation

13. Aurochs Extinct 400 years. 2,200 lbs, 6.5 ft at shoulder “genetic expertise and selective breeding” Auroch DNA from preserved bone material Not exactly the same, genetically, look the same

14. Web of Life Yellowstone Aspen trees Elk were eating Reintroducing wolves saved the trees: Wolves ate the elk (one elk per wolf, in winter), fewer elk, so fewer trees eaten Elk wouldn’t go to blind areas to eat “When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the universe.” John Muir

15. Generation of Clean Energy Mitigate climate change and its impacts Strategy for preserving biodiversity Biodiversity loss could destabilize the carrying capacity of the planet, as much as climate change Code Green

16. Climate Change is real Warmer temperatures bring weirdness, not just heat Save the bugs and the fungi, not just the polar bears Conclusions