1. Heart

2. Heart
A large muscle which pumps blood throughout the body

3. 1. Chambers- 4 Upper: right and left atria
Right-receives de-oxygenated blood from body
Left- receives oxygenated blood from lungs

4. Lower: Right and Left Ventricle
Right-pumps blood into lungs
Left- pumps blood to the body

5. 2. Valves- 4 Diastole: Relaxes
1. tricuspid valve-regulates blood flow between Right Atrium (RA) and Right Ventricle (RV)
2. Mitral Valve- lets Oxygen rich blood from your lungs pass from LA to LV

7. Systole: Contraction
1. Pulmonary valve - Controls blood flow from rv into pulmonary arteries go to lungs for O2
2. Aortic valve - Opens the way for rich blood to pass from LV into aorta.

8. 3. Double Pump- pumps oxygenated & deoxygenated blood (2)
Right sideO2 to get more O2.
Left side – receives O2 rich blood and pumps to whole body.

9. Path of Blood Low oxygenated blood enters RA Tricuspid valve RV
Contraction (tricuspid-closes, pulmonary-opens)
Pulmonary artery

11. Branches into R & L lung
Gas exchange CO2-O2
Oxygenated blood enters LA
Mitral valve LV
Contracts (Mitral-closes, aortic opens)
aorta
Fills capillaries

12. Path of Blood- 13 steps

14. Label the following structures: pg. 327
superior vena cava 10. mitral valve
inferior vena cava
RA chordea tendineae
tricuspid valve 12. LV
RV aortic valve
pulmonary valve 14. aorta
pulmonary arteries 15. papillary mus.
pulmonary veins 16. septum
LA apex

19. Heart pumping

20. HEART BEAT vital sign calculated in “bpm” males 70 bpm females 75 bpm
newborn years- 100
3 months years- 85
1 year adult

21. A. Heart Rate Abnormalities
Tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart
Bradycardia: slow beating of the heart –heart rate under 60 bpm

22. Desired range of heart rate reached during aerobic exercise.
Target Heart Rate:
Desired range of heart rate reached during aerobic exercise.
Age
Target HR Zone 50–85 %
Average Maximum Heart Rate 100 %
20 years
100–170 beats per minute
200 beats per minute
25 years
98–166 beats per minute
195 beats per minute
30 years
95–162 beats per minute
190 beats per minute
35 years
93–157 beats per minute
185 beats per minute
40 years
90–153 beats per minute
180 beats per minute
45 years
88–149 beats per minute
175 beats per minute
50 years
85–145 beats per minute
170 beats per minute
55 years
83–140 beats per minute
165 beats per minute
60 years
80–136 beats per minute
160 beats per minute
65 years
78–132 beats per minute
155 beats per minute
70 years
75–128 beats per minute
150 beats per minute

23. Heart Sounds
LUB-S1: Block reverse blood flow due to closure of atroventricular valves (mitral, tricuspid)
DUPP-S2: sudden block of reversing blood flow due to closure of aortic and pulmonary valves.

24. Heart Sounds
heartbeat

25. Heart Mumors Abnormal sounds due to a turbulaet flow of blood Causes:
blood flowing faster
increase in blood
illnesses (fever, anemia)

26. 2. Control of Heartbeat – 2 nodes
SA (sinoatrial) node: “pacemaker”- controls the frequency at which the heart beats, inside RA and flows over both atriums.

27. B. AV (atrioventricular) node: picks up impulse from SA and flows down the septum to carry the impulse over each of the ventricles.

28. EKG (electrocardiogram)
the tracing of the hearts electrical activity. Help diagnose arrhythmias.

29. 3 types of waves
P wave: records electrical activity of atria
QRS wave: records electrical activity of ventricles
T wave: records the hearts return to rest

31. Pulse: “heart rate”-rate at which your heart beats.
Pulse is what you feel over an artery
as the pressure inside increases following
each heart beat.

32. Blood Pressure
refers to the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels
Measurement: Can be measured invasively (by penetrating the skin and measuring inside the blood vessels) or non-invasively

33. Systolic Pressure: maximum pressure in an artery-beating and pumping
Diastolic Pressure: is the lowest pressure in an artery-resting

34. Why might a solider standing at attention for a long period of time faint?
If the leg muscles are not used, blood is not pumped back to the heart. As a result, blood pools in the leg veins, and blood pressure falls

35. Main Arteries