1. DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES IN COUNTY KILDARE BY GERARD CONLAN S.E.E.

2. CONTENT GREATER DUBLIN REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY COUNTY KILDARE WATER SUPPLY COST OF WATER DRINKING WATER QUALITY

3. Greater Dublin Regional Water Supply Area Serving 9 Sanitary Authorities Dublin City Council South Dublin County Council Fingal County Council Dun Laoghaire/Rathdown County Council Kildare County Council Naas Town Council Wicklow County Council BRay Town Council Meath County Council Population Region:- 1,300,000 Kildare:- 135,000

5. Regional Production Plants 5 PRODUCTION PLANTS 3 Operated by Dublin City Council  Ballymore Eustace - Liffey  Roundwood - Vartry  Ballyboden - Dodder 2 Operated by Fingal County Council  Leixlip - Liffey  Bog of the Ring - Groundwater

6. REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY PRODUCTION PLANTS

7. REGIONAL DEMAND 2003Average Demand480 Ml/day Peak Demand > 500 Ml/day 2031Demand 1000 Ml/day

8. Regional Water Supply Aug 2003 River Liffey System –Ballymore Eustace WTP 252 Ml/day –Leixlip WTP 148 Ml/day Total 400 Ml/day Kildare Demand from Regional Water Supply / Liffey System –Ballymore Eustace Supply Area 34 Ml/day –Leixlip Supply Area 27 Ml/day Total 61 Ml/day

9. COUNTY KILDARE 3 Sanitary Authorities –Kildare County Council –Naas Town Council –Athy Town Council

10. REGIONAL WATER SUPPLY AREAS WATER SUPPLY AREASOURCE 1.Leixlip River Liffey 2.Ballymore EustaceRiver Liffey 3. Rathvilly (Castledermot)River Slaney

13. PUBLIC WATER SOURCES IN COUNTY KILDARE Source Type Location ofSupply Abstraction m3/d River Liffey Ballymore Eustace 34,000 (252 ML/d) Leixlip 27,000 (148 ML/d) River Slaney Rathvilly 500 (9 ML/d) Groundwater Public Sources 3,850 Private Sources 5,900 --------- 71,250

14. PUBLIC GROUNDWATER SOURCES LOCATION Athy (3) Monasterevin (3) Non-Regional Boreholes (14) Johnstownbridge PRODUCTION (M3/DAY) 2,300 1,000 500 50 --------- 3,850

15. PRIVATE SOURCES SOURCES GWS Minor Boreholes (7) Curragh Camp (2) Minor Private Boreholes Individual Wells PRODUCTION (M3/DAY) 900 2000 3000 -------- 5,900

16. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES - 1

17. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES - 2

18. PRIVATE WATER SUPPLIES

19. TOTAL COUNTY DEMAND Aug 2003 (M3 / Day) Public65,350 Group Water Schemes 900 Private 5,000 ______ 71,250 Liffey System 61,000

20. FUTURE ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION Authority Year Additional Available Production (ML/Day) Kildare County 2005 6.5 Rathangan (4) Council Monasterevin (2.5) 2006 8.75 Robertstown (5) Johnstownbridge (3.75) 2008 30 River Barrow

21. WATER STRATEGY - 1999 Feb 1999 Aug 2003 2020 (M3 / Day) (M3 / Day) (M3 /Day) PUBLIC 48,100 65,350 GROUP WATER SCHEMES 900 900 PRIVATE3,000 5,000 ______ ______ ______ 52,000 71,250 101,800 LIFFEY SYSTEM SUPPLY 43,500 61,000 50,000

22. Kildare County County Average Daily Water Demand (m3/d) for August 2003

23. PRICE OF WATER 2003 METERED 90 c / m3 WATER or CHARGE € 3.96 / 1000 gallons

24. INFLUENCES ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY - 1 THE WATER SOURCE  Nitrates  Iron and Manganese  Pesticides  Odour or Taste (Algae)  Hardness  Pathogens - Cryptosporidium, Viruses, Bacteria

25. INFLUENCES ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY - 2 THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT  Fluoride  Aluminium  Odour or Taste (Chlorination)  THM’s (Chlorination Byproducts)

26. INFLUENCES ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY - 3 THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM  Discolouration (Sediment)  Odour or Taste (Chlorination)  Lead  Bugs / Creepy Crawlys

27. INFLUENCES ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY - 4 THE HOUSE PLUMBING SYSTEM  Lead Copper

28. DRINKING WATER QUALITY ISSUES - 1 MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION  Loss of Chlorine Residual  Contaminated Source HIGH IRON AND MANGANESE LEVELS  Natural geological ground conditions HIGH NITRATE LEVELS  High applications of fertilizers, slurries etc.

29. DRINKING WATER QUALITY ISSUES - 2 NATURALLY OCCURRING URANIUM  Natural geological ground conditions - granite bedrock with high radon FLUORIDE EXCEEDENCES  Faulty dosing equipment DISCOLOURED WATER  Inadequate scouring  Bursts