1. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.1 Illustration of (a) replacing a deactivated voltage source with a short circuit, and (b) replacing a deactivated current source with an open circuit.

2. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.2 Illustration of the application of the principle of superposition.

3. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.3 Example 3.1.

4. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.1 Exercise Problem 3.1.

5. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.4 Example 3.2.

6. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.2 Exercise Problem 3.2.

7. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.5 Illustration of the Thevenin equivalent circuit: (a) separating a circuit into two parts, (b) writing the  –i relation at the terminals of the linear part, and (c) representing the linear part with the Thevenin equivalent circuit.

8. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.6 Illustration of the computation of (a) the open-circuit voltage V OC and (b) the Thevenin resistance R TH.

9. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.7 Example 3.3.

10. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.8 Example 3.4.

11. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.9 Illustration of the Norton equivalent circuit: (a) separating a circuit into two parts, (b) the Norton equivalent circuit, and (c) computing the short-circuit current I SC.

12. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.10 Example 3.5.

13. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.11 Example 3.6.

14. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.12 The Wheatstone bridge: Example 3.7.

15. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.13 Representation of the general source–load configuration in simplified form.

16. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.14 Example 3.8.

17. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.7 Exercise Problem 3.7.

18. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.15 Illustration of the node-voltage method: (a) a general circuit, (b) definition of the node voltages, and (c) labeling of the original circuit with the node voltages.

19. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.16 Example 3.9.

20. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.8 Exercise Problem 3.8.

21. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.17 Example 3.10.

22. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.9 Exercise Problem 3.9.

23. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.18 Example 3.11.

24. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.19 Example 3.12.

25. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.10 Exercise Problem 3.10.

26. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.20 Example 3.13.

27. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.11 Exercise Problem 3.11.

28. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.21 Illustrations of the concept of a mesh.

29. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.22 Illustration of the definition of mesh currents.

30. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.23 An example of writing the mesh- current equations.

31. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.24 Example 3.14.

32. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.12 Exercise Problem 3.12.

33. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.25 Example 3.15.

34. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.26 Example of writing mesh-current equations for circuits that contain current sources.

35. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.27 Example 3.16.

36. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.13 Exercise Problem 3.13.

37. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.28 Example 3.17.

38. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure E3.14 Exercise Problem 3.14.

39. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.29 Example 3.18.

40. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 3.30 Example 3.19.

41. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-1

42. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-2

43. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-3

44. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-4

45. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-5

46. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-6

47. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-7

48. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-8

49. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-9

50. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.1-10

51. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-1

52. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-2

53. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-3

54. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-4

55. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-5

56. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-6

57. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-7

58. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-8

59. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-9

60. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-10

61. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-11

62. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-12

63. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-13

64. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-14

65. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-15

66. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-16

67. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.2-17

68. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-1

69. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-2

70. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-3

71. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-4

72. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-5

73. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-6

74. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.4-7

75. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-1

76. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-2

77. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-3

78. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-4

79. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-5

80. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-6

81. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-7

82. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-8

83. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.5-9

84. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-1

85. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-2

86. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-3

87. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-4

88. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-5

89. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-6

90. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-7

91. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-8

92. Fundamentals of Electric Circuit Analysis, by Clayton Paul Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons. Inc. All rights reserved. Figure P3.6-9