1. By: Marion Paxton and Rosanna Parise
Kidney Homeostasis
By: Marion Paxton and Rosanna Parise

2. Agenda: Introduction Expectations Lesson Sequence
Assessment and Evaluation
Activity/Student Lab
Student Misconceptions
Demo
Practical Applications
Resources

3. Introduction: The Kidney
Main function: to filter the blood to remove waste products and to adjust salt concentrations in the blood
Associated with the excretion of cellular wastes (urea, uric acid, creatinine)

4. The Kidney Cont’d Composed of 3 sections: Outer cortex Medulla
Inner pelvis

5. Kidney Cont’d
In the cortex and medulla, there are about 1,000,000 nephrons – these act as filters and are composed of:
Bowman’s capsule
The glomerulus
Proximal tubule
The loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
Picture of the nephron on next slide

6. The Kidney Nephron

7. The Kidney Cont’d
Please go to the following interactive site to learn more about the kidney:

8. The Kidney Cont’d
Homeostatic mechanisms are in place to control the levels of water and electrolytes in the blood
One very important hormone involved in this is called Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

9. Expectations
The following are a list of expectations that will be covered through studying Kidney Homeostasis:
E1.1 assess on the basis of findings from a case study, the effects on the human body of taking chemical substances to enhance performance or improve health (e.g. the risks and benefits of taking large quantities of vitamins or amino acids; the effects on the human body of substances that people use to cope with stress)
E2.2 plan and construct a model to illustrate the essential components of the homeostatic process (e.g. create a flow chart that illustrates representative feedback mechanisms in living things)
E2.3 plan and conduct an investigation to study a feedback system (e.g., stimulus response loop)
E3.1 describe the anatomy and physiology of the endocrine, excretory, and nervous systems, and explain how these systems interact to maintain homeostasis
E3.3 describe the homeostatic processes involved in maintaining water, ionic, thermal, and acid–base equilibrium, and explain how these processes help body systems respond to both a change in environment and the effects of medical treatments (e.g., the role of feedback mechanisms in water balance or thermoregulation, how the buffering system of blood maintains the body’s pH balance, the effect of medical treatments on the endocrine system, the effect of chemotherapy on homeostasis)

10. Lesson Sequence Lesson 1: Kidney Structure and Function
Lesson 2: The Nephron: Filtration and Reabsorption
Lesson 3: Homeostasis: Feedback Mechanisms
Lesson 4: Lab: The Physiological Effects of Coffee
Lesson 5: Kidney Transplant Article and Case Study

11. Lesson 1: Introduction to the Kidney: Structure and Function
KWL Chart – have students fill in KW now and L after lesson 5 (self assessment)
Intro Video:
Group work:
Provide students with basic diagram – have them fill in the name of each structure
Then, they will complete a T chart on the structure and function of the following: kidney, renal veins, renal arteries, urinary bladder, urethra

12. Lesson 2: The Kidney Nephron: Filtration and Re-absorption

13. Lesson 2: The Kidney Nephron: Filtration and Re-absorption
Teacher demo on passive transport
Youtube video:
Interactive Site:
Role play exercise where students are the filtrate and
classroom desks are arranged as the nephron
Worksheet:

14. Lesson 3: Homeostasis: Feedback Mechanisms

15. Lesson 3: Homeostasis: Feedback Mechanisms
Quick review of the nephron – quiz
Introduce hormone ADH and ADH feedback loop (refer to picture – slide 14)
Have students read about this feedback loop in pairs – pg 117 (McGraw Hill Biology 12)

16. Lesson 3: Homeostasis: Feedback Mechanisms
Students work in groups to come up with a way to demonstrate the ADH feedback loop to their peers
Assign homework questions
from textbook – to be taken
up next day:
Pg 120 Q’s 4-6
Pg 134 Q’s 7, 12

17. Lesson 4: Lab The Physiological Effects of Coffee
For this lab, students will design an experiment that allows them to investigate one physiological effect of consuming coffee (e.g. Effects on blood pressure, urine output, etc.)
Refer to Word document for a more detailed description of this lab

18. Lesson 4 Lab: Safety Considerations
It may not be appropriate for some students to participate as subjects in the Physiological Effects of Coffee Lab due to health concerns
As students design their
experiments, be sure to
consult with each group
to make sure that they
don’t exceed their
coffee intake

19. Lesson 5: Kidney Transplant Article and Case Study
Students use an anticipation guide to read an article about kidney transplants in Canada.
4 corners strategy used to discuss opinions
A class debate about steroid use and kidney disease in body builders will follow. Refer to the following article: ids.html?_r=1&scp=2&sq=steroids&st=cse
Peer and self assessment

20. Assessment and Evaluation
Lesson 1: KWL Chart – diagnostic and form of
self assessment
Lesson 2: Nephron Worksheet
Lesson 3: Group presentations and textbook questions
Lesson 4: Lab Report
Lesson 5: Anticipation guide; peer and self- assessment

21. **Note: Refer to summary handout for other rectifications.**
Student Difficulties
Difficulty:
Students may have difficulty understanding how and why different substances enter and leave the kidney tubule.
Rectification
Have students watch the youtube video on the function of the nephron and allow students to use the interactive website to see where different substances enter and leave the nephron.
Youtube video:
Interactive website:
**Note: Refer to summary handout for other rectifications.**

22. Student Difficulties cont’d
Difficulty:
Some students may have trouble understanding the feedback mechanism involved in controlling urine output.
Rectification
Use a flow chart to help students visualize the feedback mechanism.
Group weaker students with stronger students during the problem solving activity.

23. Demonstration Passive Transport Lab
Students will observe passive transport of a substance across a membrane

24. Practical Applications
Effects of steroid use on kidney functioning
Kidney transplants, dialysis and organ harvesting
Effects of alcohol and caffeine on kidney homeostasis
Chronic renal diseases

25. Resources
Please refer to our summary for a list of the resources used to create this presentation

26. Thank you for being a part of our presentation!