1. NC200 Work Progress – Improving Drying Technique Carbon Team Imran Syakir Mohamad, Norli Abdullah

2. Objective Improve yield & quality of CNF/CNT produced –Better dispersion of CNF/CNT –High CNF/CNT yield –CNF  CNT

3. NC200 Work Flow Diagram SynthesisUTP Parameter Precursor (Fe) Excess Solvent AcetateNitrate Wt % Cat. 135 1/9mL 1/3mL %H2 loadingRed. Temp ( o C) 5%10%20%300 500700 Red. Time (min) 60 90120 Drying Technique Convectional OvenDrynoza To reduce drying time To Improve drying process for better catalyst dispersion onto substrate To optimize the optimum temp for Fe reduction To improve yield & quality of CNF/CNT To improve yield & quality of CNF/CNT

4. Drying Technique Synthesis UTP Parameter Precursor (Fe) Excess Solvent AcetateNitrate Wt % Cat. 135 1/9mL 1/3mL %H2 loadingRed. Temp ( o C) 5%10%20%300 500700 Red. Time (min) 60 90120 Drying Technique Convectional OvenDrynoza

5. Problem Bad catalyst dispersion Objective To Improve drying process for better catalyst dispersion onto substrate

6. Previous Tech –Oven –45 o C, Horizontal ventilation New Tech –Drynoza –RT, vertical ventilation

7. Result Catalyst Dispersion Improved No sign of track of dried Fe salt deposited on the bottles.

8. WEIGHT % CAT. LOADING & % H2 LOADING Synthesis UTP Parameter Precursor (Fe) Excess Solvent AcetateNitrate Wt % Cat. 135 1/9mL 1/3mL %H2 loadingRed. Temp ( o C) 5%10%20%300 500700 Red. Time (min) 60 90120 Drying Technique Convectional OvenDrynoza

9. SEM (Diff. wt%, 5% H2) 1 wt % 3 wt % 5 wt % D increased

10. SEM (1 wt%, different H2 loading) 5 % 10 % 20 %In Progress Yield increased Better Dispersion CalcinationCalcination ReductionReduction GrowthGrowth CoolingCooling 30 min30 min 44 min44 min 60 min60 min 10 min10 min 60 min60 min 100 min100 min 60 min60 min 120 min120 min 134 min134 min

11. SEM (3 wt%), different H2 loading 5 % 10 % 20 %In Progress Yield increased Better Dispersion CalcinationCalcination ReductionReduction GrowthGrowth CoolingCooling 30 min30 min 44 min44 min 60 min60 min 10 min10 min 60 min60 min 100 min100 min 60 min60 min 120 min120 min 134 min134 min

12. SEM (5 wt%), different H2 loading 5 % 10 % 20 %In Progress Yield increased Better Dispersion CalcinationCalcination ReductionReduction GrowthGrowth CoolingCooling 30 min30 min 44 min44 min 60 min60 min 10 min10 min 60 min60 min 100 min100 min 60 min60 min 120 min120 min 134 min134 min CNF+CNT produced

13. SEM 10% H2 loading 5wt % 1wt % 3wt % D increased Mixture CNF+CNT produced CNF produced

14. NC2FA9 (5wt%, 10%H2)

17. 96nm

18. NC2FA9 (5wt%, 10%H2) 65nm 30nm

19. Future Plan Increase % H2 loading to 20% in the reduction process Increase reduction time to 90 min and 120 min Synthesis UTP Parameter Precursor (Fe) Excess Solvent AcetateNitrate Wt % Cat. 135 1/9mL 1/3mL %H2 loadingRed. Temp ( o C) 5%10%20%300 500700 Red. Time (min) 60 90120 Drying Technique Convectional OvenDrynoza