1. Reproduction immigration (non-sterile expatriation) expatriation Cfin Cgla Jaschnov 1970 map

2. SeaWiFS climatology

3. Copepods IBM Start end chla Egg D = a (T+α) β D = a (T+α) β [1-exp(-F/K)] Stage X Success: Stage X > ? fail: Stage X <= ?

4. Cfin initial release time and location

5. Release time (pan-arctic)

6. Success fail Cfin_0m_nf

7. Cfin_0m_f Success fail

8. Cfin_50m_nf Success fail

9. Cfin_50m_f Success fail

10. Cgla_0m_all

11. Cgla_0m_nf Success (reach C5)Fail (reach C5)

12. Cgla_0m_nf Success (reach C4)Fail (reach C4)

13. Cgla_0m_f Success (reach C5)Fail (reach C5)

14. Cgla_0m_f Success (reach C4)Fail (reach C4)

15. Cgla_50m_all

16. Cgla_50m_nf Success (reach C5)Fail (reach C5)

17. Cgla_50m_nf Success (reach C4)Fail (reach C4)

18. Cgla_50m_f Success (reach C5)Fail (reach C5)

19. Cgla_50m_f Success (reach C4)Fail (reach C4)

20. obs mod obs mod

21. obs mod

22. monthly average circulation on February of upper 50m layer

23. monthly average circulation on August of upper 50m layer