1. 7 th Symposium on Smart Graphics A Sketch-based Interface for Modeling Myocardial Fiber Orientation Kenshi Takayama 1 Takeo Igarashi 1,2 Ryo Haraguchi 3 Kazuo Nakazawa 3 1 The University of Tokyo 2 JST SORST 3 National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute

2. SG 2007 Introduction Background Related work Basic idea User Interface Algorithm User Experience Conclusion

3. SG 2007 50,000 die from cardiac sudden death Abnormal heart rhythm is its major cause Its mechanism is not clear Background

4. SG 2007 Simulation approach Elucidation Prediction Education Mathematical model

5. SG 2007 3 stages of process ModelingSimulationEvaluation Bottleneck

6. SG 2007 Various parameters Geometry Purkinje fiber network Myocardial fiber orientation Our target

7. SG 2007 Previous method Take 2D slices from xyz direction Specify vectors one-by-one Very tedious

8. SG 2007 Vector field design on surfaces Related work [Praun et al,00] [Turk,01] [Zhang et al,06] [Fisher et al,07]

9. SG 2007 Our contribution Previous work : Only vector field on surface Ours : Design of volumetric vector field

10. SG 2007 Basic idea Observation –“Myocardial fibers are parallel to the surface of the heart” Two-step algorithm Step 1:Construct tangent vector field Step 2:Construct volumetric vector field

11. SG 2007 Introduction User Interface Stroke on the surface Stroke crossing the model Stroke on the cross-section Algorithm User Experience Conclusion

12. SG 2007 Stroke on the surface Specify fiber orientations on the surface

13. SG 2007 Stroke crossing the model Cutting Create cross-sectional surface

14. SG 2007 Stroke on the cross-section Specify fiber orientations inside the model

15. SG 2007 Demo

16. SG 2007 Introduction User Interface Algorithm Tangent vector field Volumetric vector field Laplacian interpolation User Experience Conclusion

17. SG 2007 Tangent vector field Sketch Tangent vector field Laplacian interpolation

18. SG 2007 Volumetric vector field Sketch Tangent vector field Volumetric vector field Laplacian interpolation

19. SG 2007 Laplacian interpolation Minimize Laplacian Satisfy constraint xixi Laplacian neighbor

20. SG 2007 Laplacian interpolation Matrix form C L

21. SG 2007 Laplacian interpolation Matrix form Least-square solution

22. SG 2007 Laplacian interpolation Sparse linear system Precomputable

23. SG 2007 Introduction User Interface Algorithm User Experience Preliminary test Interview Conclusion

24. SG 2007 Preliminary test Asked a physician* to try our system Sample model by him –In about 8 minutes Sample simulation result * T. Ashihara, MD, PhD, Shiga University of Medical Science

25. SG 2007 Interview Positive comments –“We need this tool!” –“Interface is intuitive and quick.” –“This can be a breakthrough.”

26. SG 2007 Interview Points to be improved –“Use of MRI may be needed.” –“Cross-sectioning is not suitable for visualizing fiber orientation.”

27. SG 2007 Introduction User Interface Algorithm User Experience Conclusion

28. SG 2007 Conclusion Novel method for modeling myocardial fiber orientation 2-step scheme (our contribution) –Surface  Volume Preliminary user study with a physician

29. SG 2007 Future work Test other interpolation algorithms More formal user test Use of MRI Peeling UI Other applications –Fibers in wood –Particle animation Thank you. [Owada et al,04]