1. Focussing Light onto the retina
WALT
How light rays are focussed onto the retina
How the cornea and lens refract light rays
Accommodation of the eye

2. Controlling light levels
Your eye are very sensitive and can be damaged by harsh light.
Your iris controls light allowed into the eye by changing the size of the pupil

3. The colored part of the eye is called the iris. 
It controls light levels inside the eye similar to the aperture on a camera. 
Radial and circular muscles in the iris control pupil size in response to light
The round opening in the center of the iris is called the pupil. 

4. Control of Pupil Size

5. Focusing on objects
The lens and cornea focus the light on the retina

6. Focusing The lens job is to make the rays hit the same point
The red rays will be out of focus

7. Bending light
Light is refracted and bent to focus it as it passes through the lens
Lens thickness can be changed so the amount of bending is changed

8. Near vision The lens needs to bend the light more to focus it
Fat lens needed

9. Distance vision Rays enter the eye closer together Need less bending
Thinner lens needed

10. Changing lens thickness
Ciliary muscles are attached to the lens, when relaxed they pull on the suspensory ligaments causing the lens to be thin
When contracted the ciliary muscle cause the suspensory ligaments to slacken and so the lens is fatter

11. Accommodation
When we open our eyes in the morning they are not focussed on near by objects
At rest the ciliary muscles relax , puling the lens flat
In this state we can focus on distant objects
To focus on something near by the ciliary muscles contract reducing the tension on the suspensory ligaments so the lens gets fatter
This is called accommodation – changing the shape of the lens to focus on near or distant objects

12. When the eye looks at an object that is far away the ciliary muscle relaxes which pulls on the suspensory ligaments. These pull on the lens and make it flatter (less convex). This brings the rays of light from the object into crisp focus on the retina.

13. Distant Objects

14. With an object closer to the eye, the lens needs to be more convex (fatter). To do this, the ciliary muscles contract making the suspensory ligaments slack and to allow the rubbery lens to return to its naturally rounder shape.

15. Near Objects

16. Myopia (short sightedness) the eye is too long and so the image focuses short of the retina

17. Long sightedness the eye is too short so the image focuses past the retina

18. Correcting short sightedness a concave lens is used.

19. Correcting long sightedness- a convex lens is used