1. Electricity & Magnetism at Work
Batteries
Chapter 3
Section 4

2. Battery
Converts Chemical energy to electrical energy

3. Luigi Galvani
1700’s
Italian
Was using a brass hook to dissect a frog
When the hook touch an iron railing it made the frogs leg jump
Electron flow!

4. Alessandro Volta 1800 Stacked Silver (Ag) and Zinc (Zn) metal plate
Italian
Designed 1st battery
Stacked Silver (Ag) and Zinc (Zn) metal plate
Separated by a paper that had been soaked in salt water

5. Electrochemical Cells
A devise that converts chemical energy into electrical energy
Electrodes
Made of two different metals
Electrolyte
Substance that conducts electricity
Salt water
Acid

6. A Simple Cell
Chemical reaction occurs between the electrolyte and the electrodes in the electrochemical cell.
These reactions cause one electrode to become negatively charged and the other to become positively charged.

7. Combining Electrochemical Cells
If 2 or more electrochemical cells are connected in series, the “+” terminal of one is connected to the “-” terminal of the next.
The voltage of the battery is the sum of the cells.

8. Wet Cells Wet Cells 12-V car Battery Use liquid electrolytes
Acids
Salt water
12-V car Battery
Sulfuric acid
6 cells

9. Dry Cells Dry Cells Duracell Use paste electrolytes
Zinc can with a carbon rod down the middle

10. Dead Batteries
The battery will continue to produce a current until the electrodes and/or the electrolyte are used up

11. Rechargeable Batteries
Nickle-Cadmium cells
Laptops
Cell phones
iPods
Some chemical reactions can be reversed
Recharges the battery