1. An Introduction to the Human Body

2. Anatomy study of structure relationships among structures
Derived from the Greek words:
- Anatome - to dissect
- Ana - apart
- Tomy - cut

3. Subdivisions of Anatomy
Examples:
- gross anatomy (macroscopic)
study of large body parts
(muscles, bones, and internal organs)
- histology (microscopic)
study of cells and tissues requiring the use of a microscope

4. Physiology
study of the functions of body parts and how they work together
- physio - working
- ology - study

5. Subdivisions of Physiology
Examples:
- neurophysiology - brain and nervous tissue
- cardiac - heart
- respiratory - lungs and trachea
- reproductive - reproductive organs
- renal - kidneys, bladder, and ureters
- endocrine - endocrine organs

6. Levels of Structural Organization
atoms
molecules
cells
tissues
organs
systems
organism

7. Atoms tiny building blocks of matter
Examples of the most common atoms:
carbon (C) hydrogen (H)
oxygen (O) nitrogen (N)
calcium (Ca) potassium (K)
sodium (Na)

8. atoms combine together to form molecules

9. Molecules chemical combination of 2 or more atoms
Examples of molecules:
- proteins
- carbohydrates
- fats
- vitamins

10. Molecule
ATP

11. Cells basic structural and functional units of an organism
cell groups have different structures
perform different functions
specialized structures within a cell are called organelles

12. Cell

13. Tissues Four basic types of tissues in the human body:
- epithelial tissue
- muscle tissue
- connective tissue
- nervous tissue

14. Epithelial Tissue - Skin

15. Muscle Tissue

16. Connective Tissue - Bone

17. Nervous Tissue - Brain

18. Tissues (cont.) each cell within a tissue has a specific function
Examples:
- parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid (HCl) in stomach
- mucous cells produce mucus

19. Organs structures composed of two or more tissue types
specific functions
recognizable shapes
Examples:
- heart, lungs, brain, liver, stomach, intestines, etc.

20. Organ

21. Systems several organs work together for a common purpose Example:
- digestive system includes many organs, each with its own function

22. Organ System
digestive system