1. SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

2. Presenters  Teresa Downey  Spear Phishing & Web Security Markers  Heather Larrieu  Everything Else…

3. Spear Phishing No dangerous pointy objects involved… No dangerous pointy objects involved… but they ARE hunting YOU! but they ARE hunting YOU!

4. Spear Phishing – Step by Step 1. A targeted company is researched by scammer 2. Emails and websites forged – easy to do!! 3. HTML emails sent 4. They need you to click on the fake URL 5. There goes your $$$ You cannot see true URL in HTML email

5. Plain Text Can Prevent Scam  Scammers don’t want us to use plain text True URL is normally displayed in plain text email

6. Spear Phishing – Last Step Security markers are missing… where is https ? where is lock in border? Just a useless picture of a lock to trick you Faking web sites is very easy! Not a SLAC website!

7. Secure Website Markers Internet ExplorerFirefox

8. What’s Behind That Lock?  Scammer can just create or buy a certificate  Look at URL closely, these are invalid:  http://www.slac.standford.edu  http://0x47763ae7/www.slac.stanford.edu  Might get error:

9. Avoiding Phishing Scams 1.Read ALL e-mail in plain text  Convert to HTML with one click if you trust the e- mail 2.Look for valid URL in e-mail and browser  Does it match where you intended to be? 3.Look for security markers in browser window 4.Stop if you get any Security Alerts 5.Do they REALLY need this information??

10. Regarding SLAC Websites…  SLAC HR wouldn’t ask for bank info via a web page  If you are suspicious of web site then call the SLAC Department directly

11. Everything else… Well, okay at least… scammer’s motivations PIIwireless perils of ordering pizza

12. Making Money - Method 1 Adware and Spyware Tracking cookies Spam usually touting counterfeit goods Sell Something

13. Adblock  Firefox: Tools -> Adblock -> Preferences  IE: Nothing built-in. “Adblock” for IE is actually adware so don’t go get it.

14. Browser Configuration  IE: Tools -> Internet Options  Firefox: Tools -> Options

15. Javascript for Profiling

16. Making Money - Method 2 Scams, Fraud, Identity Theft Nigerian 419 scams Click-through fraud Steal some Personally Identifiable Information

17. Personally Identifiable Information What people are doing with stolen PII ?  Credit card, Bank, Loan fraud  Phone or Utilities fraud  Applying for Government documents or benefits  Magazine subscription (~0.2 % each year!) Scope of the problem – FTC data (2003-2005)  10 million victims of identity theft in U.S.  Victims spend an average of $1,500 and 175 hours to recover  Not including losses by vendors, merchants, or financial institutions PII is essentially data that can be used to facilitate identity theft

18. Making Money - Method 3 Be the “Middleman”

19. Botnets 1.Herder deploys malware 2. Infected PCs log into an IRC server or other communications medium, forming a network with a central C&C structure 3. Spammer purchases access to botnet 4. Spammer sends instructions to the botnet 5. The infected PCs send the spam messages from Wikipedia on Botnets

22. POST http://www.XXXXXXXXXXXX.com:80/Software/ShoppingCart/CheckOut.asp?CatID=01&CatName=X XXXXXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1 HTTP/1.1 Host: www.XXXXXXXXXXXXcom User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.0.6) Gecko/20060728 Firefox/1.5.0.6 Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q =0.5 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://www.XXXXXXXXXXX.com/Software/ShoppingCart/CheckOut.asp?CatID=01&CatName=XXXX XXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1 Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDSCQDDCRC=IIBBDKKBCAOBKBIGABPBHNAI; ASPSESSIONIDCSDTABCC=KCGNNPKBABOIEJKIPBHEJHAH; ASPSESSIONIDSCTDADRC=OAOJABLBFFJKLGIDHPLLMDGM Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-length: 268 LName=AAAAAAA&FName=AAAAAAA&TelePhone=888888888&ModeOfPayment=2&R em=IS+THIS+SECURE%3F+&CreditCardType=3&CreditCardNo=123456781234567& ExpiryMonth=6&ExpiryYear=2009&VisitorID=1&CatID=01&CatName=XXXXXXX+XXX XX+XX+XXX+XXXX&hLName=&hFName=&hTelephone=&hCreditCardNo=&hRem=

23. Wireless

24. Final Thoughts  Report all suspicious activity  Send email to: security@slac.stanford.edu security@slac.stanford.edu  Urgent: call HelpDesk at x4357  See Teresa, Heather, Bob Cowles, Gary Buhrmaster, John Halperin and Steffen Luitz at Computer Security table in breezeway for your questions