1. Presentation # 2 Assignment: Tell the class about a time that you were very stressed. When? Where? Why? How did you cope (or not cope) with the stress? Looking back at that time, what would you do different, if anything, now? Assignment: Tell the class about a time that you were very stressed. When? Where? Why? How did you cope (or not cope) with the stress? Looking back at that time, what would you do different, if anything, now?

2. Delivering Your Message William Shakespeare wrote that all speakers give 2 speeches at the same time: the one that is heard and the one that is seen. A study at UCLA found out that only 7% of our “credibility” with listeners comes from the words we say. 93% comes the tone of our voice and the way we present ourselves.

3. Posture Your posture tells how you feel about yourself. What body language shows fear? Cocking your head to the side Rounding your shoulders Looking down Not facing people directly Dropping your chin Wrapping your arms around your body Wringing your hands together in front of you

4. Confident Posture What body language shows confidence? Back straight, shoulders back Head up Hands at your side, or moving, with fingers slightly open Both feet on the floor, slightly apart No leaning against the table or wall. “Walk of the Matador” exercise

5. Look Them in the Eye Eye contact doesn’t mean staring at someone, but shifting your focus to and from a person’s eyes as you speak. In the US, good eye contact: Shows that you are open and honest Encourages listeners to pay attention & give respect Shows that you believe in what you are saying Allows you to “read” the listeners’ faces for feedback – nodding, confusion, smiles, interest.

6. Activity: Looking Your Partner in the Eye With a partner, take turns for 1.5 to 2 minutes talking about what you did yesterday. As you talk: 1.Focus on your partner’s left eye for 4 seconds. 2.Then focus on your partner’s right eye for 4 seconds. 3.Now look at your partner's entire face for 4 seconds 4.Now glance at your partner’s forehead, nose, and chin -- each for 4 seconds. 5.Repeat. With a partner, take turns for 1.5 to 2 minutes talking about what you did yesterday. As you talk: 1.Focus on your partner’s left eye for 4 seconds. 2.Then focus on your partner’s right eye for 4 seconds. 3.Now look at your partner's entire face for 4 seconds 4.Now glance at your partner’s forehead, nose, and chin -- each for 4 seconds. 5.Repeat.

7. Discussion: As a child, what were you taught about eye- contact? How did you feel when you were doing the previous activity – a speaker and as listener. What did the listener do as you tried to maintain eye contact with him/her? As a child, what were you taught about eye- contact? How did you feel when you were doing the previous activity – a speaker and as listener. What did the listener do as you tried to maintain eye contact with him/her?

8. Facial Expressions Can you look : Happy Worried Unhappy Neutral Surprised Excited Fearful Frustrated Doubtful Angry What does it mean? Wrinkle your eyebrows Squint your eyes Bite your lips Lick your lips Rub your chin Rub your eyes Scratch your head Wink

9. Movement Don’t: Twirl your hair Keep your hands in your pockets Jingle change or keys Adjust your bracelets or earrings Stand “frozen” in place Do: Take a few steps to the right and left to help you relax and move naturally Keep your hands at your sides, free to use for gestures

10. Gestures Hand and arm movements can help you when presenting information. In the US, using only gestures, how do you show: – Size? – Importance? – Enthusiasm? – Location?

11. Which is the Best Way to Deliver a Speech? 1.The “Manuscript” Delivery Speech is written out word by word. The speaker reads the speech word for word, with little or no eye contact. The speaker is “chained” to the text. 1.The “Manuscript” Delivery Speech is written out word by word. The speaker reads the speech word for word, with little or no eye contact. The speaker is “chained” to the text. 2. The Memorized Delivery The speaker writes out the speech and then memorizes it word for word. The speaker says the speech quickly, automatically. The speaker forgets a few lines and has to pause a lot to remember. 2. The Memorized Delivery The speaker writes out the speech and then memorizes it word for word. The speaker says the speech quickly, automatically. The speaker forgets a few lines and has to pause a lot to remember.

12. Which is the Best Way to Deliver a Speech? (Continued) 3. The “Impromptu” Delivery The speaker is taken by surprise and has no time to prepare Delivery is conversational, with maybe just some notes. May be disorganized, but may also be effective because of eye contact and gesture. 3. The “Impromptu” Delivery The speaker is taken by surprise and has no time to prepare Delivery is conversational, with maybe just some notes. May be disorganized, but may also be effective because of eye contact and gesture. 4. The “Outlined” Delivery Speaker doesn’t read every word but uses an outline. Speaker practices with friends and family Speaker can maintain eye contact Speaker isn’t trying to remember every word, so she can be conversational. 4. The “Outlined” Delivery Speaker doesn’t read every word but uses an outline. Speaker practices with friends and family Speaker can maintain eye contact Speaker isn’t trying to remember every word, so she can be conversational.

13. What Makes an Effective Speech? In a group of 3 or 4 1.Make a list of a. the criteria you think are important b. the skills you need to practice 2.Share your ideas with another group In a group of 3 or 4 1.Make a list of a. the criteria you think are important b. the skills you need to practice 2.Share your ideas with another group