1. 33 Chairside Restorative Materials

2. 2 Introduction Materials are generally divided and categorized according to their functions. The American Dental Association (ADA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulate dental materials.

3. 3 Introduction The ADA Council on Dental Materials, Instruments and Equipment is responsible for the information and testing of dental materials.

4. 4 The Role of the Dental Assistant Depends on expanded functions of individual state practice acts Generally, the assistant prepares and mixes materials Some states allow assistant to place materials in oral cavity

5. 5 Properties of Dental Materials Acidity Adhesion Biting forces –Tensile –Compressive –Shearing F F F F F F TensileCompressiveShear

6. 6 Properties of Dental Materials Corrosion Dimensional Elasticity Flow Galvanism Hardness

7. 7 Properties of Dental Materials Microleakage Retention Bonding Solubility Enamel Dentin Salivary fluids Amalgam restoration Salivary fluids

8. 8 Properties of Dental Materials Thermal properties –Thermal conductivity –Thermal expansion Viscosity Wettability

9. 9 Types of Restorative Dental Materials Liners, bases, cements, and bonding agents Amalgam and composite restorative materials

10. 10 Dental Cements Variety of forms: –Powder/liquid –Two-paste system –Capsule –Dispensing syringe Self-curing Light cured

11. 11 Terms Used in Conjunction with Dental Materials Luting Liner Base Sedative or palliative effect Varnish

12. 12 Dental Cements Zinc phosphate –Permanent cementation and insulating base Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

13. 13 Dental Cements Zinc oxide eugenol –Temporary cementation and restoration, low strength base, periodontal dressing, and a root canal sealer Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

14. 14 Dental Cements Reinforced zinc oxide eugenol –Permanent cementation, insulating base, and temporary restoration Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

15. 15 Dental Cements Polycarboxylate cement –Permanent cementation and an insulating base Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

16. 16 Dental Cements Glass ionomer –Permanent cementation, high-strength base, and low-strength liner; root canal sealer, restorative material, and core buildup material Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

17. 17 Dental Cements Calcium hydroxide –Low-strength liner Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

18. 18 Dental Cements Varnish –Thin liner Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

19. 19 Dental Cements Resin cement –Permanent cementation Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

20. 20 Dental Cements Resin-reinforced glass ionomer –Cement metallic or porcelain fused to metal restorations to tooth structure –Core buildup materials and high-strength liners Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

21. 21 Dental Cements Compomer –Cements all types of dental restorations Composition Properties Manipulation considerations

22. 22 Dental Cements Etchants –Enhance retention/bonding qualities between tooth surface and dental materials –Used before bonding agents, restorative materials, dental cements, and sealants –Used on enamel and dentin surface

23. 23 Bonding Agents Also known as adhesives and bonding resins Improve retention between tooth structure and restoration –Enamel bonding –Dentin bonding

24. 24 Restorative Dentistry Classification Cavity detection Caries detection Cavity cleaners/disinfectants Desensitizers Cavity preparation identification

25. 25 Restorative Dentistry Elements of cavity preparations –Outline form –Resistance form –Retention form –Convenience form –Finishing or refinement –Cleansing or debridement

26. 26 M B D L Restorative Dentistry Pulpal floor or wall 1 2 6 8 5 3 7 4 1. Mesiobuccal line angle 5. Buccopulpal line angle 2. Mesiolingual line angle 3. Distobuccal line angle 4. Distolingual line angle 6. Mesiopulpal line angle 7. Distopulpal line angle 8. Linguopulpal line angle

27. 27 Placing Cements, Bases, and Liners Cavity preparation/pulpal involvement –Depends on amount of decay and types of materials used to restore tooth

28. 28 Placing Cements, Bases, and Liners Treatment of cavity preparations –Varies with amount of enamel and dentin removed and how near the prep is to the pulp

29. 29 Treatment of Cavity Preparations Ideal –Minimal dentin and enamel removed Beyond ideal –Dentin restored with base

30. 30 Treatment of Cavity Preparations Near-exposure –Restoration occurs close to pulp Exposed pulp –Can vitality of tooth be saved

31. 31 Cavity Liners Placed in deepest portion of cavity preparation Placed on axial or pulpal walls Form cement layers with minimum strength Protect pulp from chemical irritants Provide therapeutic affect to tooth

32. 32 Cavity Varnish Used to seal dentin tubules –Prevents acids, saliva, and debris from reaching pulp Used under amalgam restorations –Prevents microleakage

33. 33 Cavity Varnish Used under zinc phosphate –Prevents penetration of acids to pulp Placed after or on top of cavity liners or medicated bases

34. 34 Cement Bases Thick putty placed under cavity preparation –Protects pulp and provide mechanical support for restoration Placed on floor of cavity –To raise floor level to ideal height