1. LID BMPs Presented by: The Low Impact Development Center, Inc. A non-profit water resources and sustainable design organization www.lowimpactdevelopment.org

2. The Low Impact Development Center, Inc. has met the standards and requirements of the Registered Continuing Education Program. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to RCEP at RCEP.net. A certificate of completion will be issued to each participant. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by RCEP.

3. COPYRIGHT MATERIALS This educational activity is protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display, and use of the educational activity without written permission of the presenter is prohibited. © Low Impact Development Center, 2012

4. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the Best Management Practices (BMPs) commonly used in Low Impact Development. At the end of this presentation, you will be able to: Describe the most commonly used LID BMPs Explain what design variations exist and how they can be deployed. Purpose and Learning Objectives

5. 1.2.3. Treatment Train: BMP Hierarchy Source controls Conveyance controls End of pipe controls LID is Part of the Watershed Toolbox!

6. Structural and Non-structural Vegetation Hardscape Proprietary Buffers Amendments Bioretention Permeable pavements Rainwater harvesting Green roofs Proprietary systems Classification and Examples

7. Importance of Buffers Reduce nutrients Reduce thermal impacts Provide habitat Protect wetland hydrology Bay guidance ~ 100 ft., MA and CT: sliding scale 50 to 200 ft.

8. Types/Definitions Reforestation: Replacement Aforestation: Establishment Riparian Buffers: Corridors for filtering/uptake/thermal/disconnection **Some States, such as Maryland, have strict forest conservation and stream buffer regulations that effect SWM and other construction

9. Compost amendments and filter soxx Runoff, Nutrient, and Sediment Reduction Goals! Recycling Aesthetics

10. Bioretention

11. Rain Garden Bioretention in a Box

12. Bioswale Bioretention Trench

13. Bioswales

14. Pollutant Removal Mechanisms Chemical Electrostatic / ion exchange within Humic / clays / silts Biological phytoremediation Bioremediation Storing and cycling nutrients Physical Sedimentation Filtration Adsorption Precipitation

15. Permeable Surfaces

16. High Return on Investment Permeable Block Pavers Permeable Concrete Asphalt Friction Course (permeable not allowed)

17. Permeable Paver H and H Objectives Full exfiltration Partial exfiltration – an infiltration & detention facility No exfiltration – detention only; Impermeable liner

18. Partial Base Exfiltration

19. Ready Mix Concrete Research & Education Foundation

20. Rainwater Harvesting

21. Rainwater Harvesting Systems: Components to Maintain Collection First Flush/Treatment Storage Overflow Pump & Pressure Tank Conveyance/End Use

23. NRDC – Santa Monica, CA Cisterns at NRDC Santa Monica Office Cisterns installed beneath planting beds. Collected rainwater is added to greywater collection system and used for toilet flushing and irrigation. Building uses duel-flush toilets, waterless urinals, and drought-tolerant plants. 60% reduction in potable water demand.

24. Construction Cost Elements Rainwater Harvesting Rain barrels cost $100-$300 Cisterns cost several hundred to several thousand dollars  Components include: Storage tank Downspout flow diverter Pre-tank filtration Post-tank treatment (if needed) Distribution system (e.g., spigot and hoses, plumbing) Costs can vary significantly depending upon storage size, tank material, and location (above or below ground)

25. Green Roofs

27. Green Roof Layers Waterproofing membrane Root barrier (if the waterproofing is not certified as root resistant) Drainage layer Separation layer Growth media layer Plants Courtesy: Roofscapes

28. Green Roof Benefits: Rainwater capture Energy savings Extended membrane life

29. Green Roof Construction Cost Elements Costs range from $15-$20/sf based on the inclusion of: Growing medium Plants Drainage layer Insulation layer Root barrier Waterproof membrane Leak detention layer (optional) Costs can increase because of equipment, material availability and scheduling

30. Slide courtesy of the Center for Neighborhood Technology The temperature above Chicago’s City Hall green roof averages 10 -15°F lower than the black tar roof. Difference can be 50°F or greater during the summer. Energy savings of $3,600 per year. Urban Heat Island

31. Source: Green Roofs for Healthy Cities www.greenroofs.org Ford Motor Company Rouge River Manufacturing Complex – Dearborn, MI

32. Pilot Study: Modular Tray System System Characteristics: Flexibility Size of system Placement configuration Ease of installation Coarse stone ballast Retrofit designs Use existing drains Specialized outlet designs Detention time and Flow rate Minimize clogging Coarse Stone Ballast (expanded shale) Orifice Outlet Controls

33. Demonstration: Retrofit Hydraulic Structure Design System Characteristics: Ease of installation o Retrofit designs o Storage on roof surface o Use existing drains Outlet Design: o V-notch weir Control flow rates Temporary storage o Grated weir cover Intercept debris Minimize clogging Reduce maintenance Existing Roof Drain V-Notch Weir Plates Grated Weir Cover

34. Engine House #3: Design

37. Connectivity Dashboard

38. Task Specific User Dashboards - Research

39. Proprietary Devices Reproduce or enhance LID functions May require separate installation and maintenance contracts

40. Annapolis Replace non-functioning oil-water separator Enhanced landscaping Trap sediments Stewardship

45. Alumni Hall

49. Solomons parking lot and RV park

52. Construction of infiltration trenches

53. Proposed Carderock Roadway Retrofit Existing Inlet

54. Discussion Reduction of impervious areas Ability to receive regulatory credit for retrofits BMP standard and specifications compliance Traffic control / installation enhancement

55. Ft. Bragg LID Retrofit

57. Source: Army: Public Works Technical Bulletin 200-1-62

58. Discussion Designs do not have to be complicated Field adjustments Materials availability

59. Bioretention cell retrofits Bioretention strip in parking lot median Permeable paver cells Street tree filters Roof leader disconnect Rain barrels LID Features Constructed Washington Navy Yard

60. Construction WNY special design requirements National Priority List facility HDPE liners Perforated pipe under drains Bioretention cells - overflow weirs Native, drought and flood resistant plantings

61. Willard Park Bioretention The Willard Park parking area was retrofitted during the storm sewer system rehab project using bioretention as the main storm water LID technique

62. Willard Park Bioretention Strip Liner Installation

63. Willard Park Bioretention Strip Under drain and soil installation

64. Willard Park Bioretention Strip

65. Willard Park Bioretention Cell Under Construction Overflow Weir to Storm Sewer Native Plantings Mulch Layer Bioretention Soil Mix Geotextile Gravel Layer Perforated Underdrain Impermeable Liner

66. Willard Park Bioretention Cell Completed Rain Barrel

67. Museum Bioretention Cells

68. Disconnect Roof Leaders to Bioretention Potential Green Roof

69. Building 166 Parking Lot Retrofit

70. B-166 Bioretention (Prior to Plantings) Sli de 70

71. B-166 Permeable Paver Installation Gravel Chips Unistone Pavers Gravel Chips Gravel Layer Perforated Underdrain Impermeable Liner

72. B-166 Parking Lot Completed

73. Curb Inlet Tree Box

74. Compost Hardscape Applications Dry Dock Scuppers Boat Wash: Metals

75. Navy San Diego Mesa Lodge

76. BEQ Swale

77. BEQ Vegetated / Rock Filter

78. Mesa Lodge Perimeter Vegetation

80. Thank you for your time. QUESTIONS? Low Impact Development Center, Inc. www.lowimpactdevelopment.org 301.982.5559