1. Unit 1, Chapter 2, Lesson 2 Pages 62 – 67
The Eastern Woodlands
Unit 1, Chapter 2, Lesson 2
Pages 62 – 67

2. Objectives
Describe how the Eastern Woodlands peoples adapted to their environment
Locate the Eastern Woodlands cultural area and compare lifeways among its inhabitants.

3. Life in the Eastern Woodland
Stretched east of the Mississippi River
Name  the thick forests that covered the land
Villages built along banks of rivers and streams

4. A Common Resource TREES Shelter Weapons Tools Canoes
Food: Cherries and plums

5. Eastern Woodland People
Northeastern part of the Woodlands
Soil was rocky
People did more hunting and gathering
Southern areas of the Woodlands
Soil was better/richer with nutrients
People would farm: beans, corn, squash

6. JOBS – Division of Labor
MEN
Hunted animals for food
Used antlers and bones to make tools
Used spears & nets to catch fish
Cleared land for planting
WOMEN
Prepared the food
Used animal skins to make clothing & moccasins
Planted & harvested crops (along with the children

7. Two Groups of Eastern Woodlands
Iroquois
Algonquian
Separated into these groups based on the languages they spoke

8. IROQUOIS Lived inland: Great Lake Region
PA, NY, & Lake Ontario of Canada
Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca
These tribes known as the Iroquois, or the FIVE NATIONS
Iroquois Flag

9. Iroquois Villages Iroquois were farmers Built on steep hills
PALISADES – walls of tall wooden poles
Built around villages for protection

10. Iroquois Shelters
Longhouses – long wooden building that could hold up to 50 people
Poles made from small trees, bent then covered with bark
Divided into sections
Held one to two families
american-native-art.com

11. Iroquois Crops Three main crops: Corn, Beans, Squash
Crops called: Three Sisters
All three crops were planted in the same field
After a few years, soil less fertile
A new field would be cleared in another area

12. CRAFTS Wampum – beads cut from seashells Used to make beaded designs
Traded & Exchanged for goods
Used to show:
Important decisions
Events
Stories
warriors.warren.k12.il.us

13. Iroquois League
Five nations often battled over control of hunting grounds
Hiawatha – saw family killed by another tribe
He was to kill those who killed his family
He wanted fighting to stop

14. Hiawatha
Leaves his village to meet with Deganawida (deh-gahn-uh-WEE-duh)
Deganawida known as the Peacemaker
Eventually, they convinced the Five Nations to unite and work together

15. United Iroquois Formed about A.D. 1570 Acted as a Confederation
Confederation – loose group of governments working together
Representatives were sent from all tribes
Grand Council – settled disputes among the people peacefully

16. What was used to make longhouses?
Trees bent to make the frame and covered with bark

17. Why were trees important to the Eastern Woodlands?
Provided the wood used to make tools, canoes, shelter, and were also a source of food.

18. ALGONQUIAN Three tribes that lived along the coastal plain: Delaware
Wampanoag
Powhatan

19. ALGONQUIAN Other tribes that lived inland, around the Great Lakes:
Ottawa
Chippewa
Miami

20. Algonquian Homes Some groups built longhouses like the Iroquois
Others built round, bark-covered shelters
Wigwams
Built like longhouses: small trees bent, tied together into a dome shape, then covered with bark

21. Algonquian Food Did not rely on farming FISHED Built canoes
Used animal bones & wood to make hooks and fishing traps

22. Clothing MEN WOMEN Wore dresses Wore shirts Made from deerskin Leggins
Moccasins
All made from deerskin
WOMEN
Wore dresses
Made from deerskin

23. Government
Algonquian groups had leaders who governed more than one village
Some had two chiefs:
one for matters of peace
one for matters of war

24. Ceremonies Marriage Ceremonies Man had to show he was a good hunter
Woman had to show she was a good homemaker
Couple would marry by exchanging gifts and inviting their families to a feast

25. How did the diet of the Algonquian differ from that of the Iroquois?
The Algonquian ate more fish, while the Iroquois relied more on crops

26. How is the term confederation related to the Iroquois League?
The Iroquois League was a confederation of different groups

27. Why did the Iroquois groups choose to come together to form the Iroquois League?
The groups thought they could better protect themselves and their way of life if they cooperated.

28. THE END