1. Woodland 1

2. Woodland 2 Species of animal morelesser Average truck circumference largersmaller Trees frequency moreLess Shrubs and saplings frequency lessermore Average height of vegetation higherlower Slopegentlersteeper

3. Woodland 1Woodland 2 Herbslessmore Density of vegetation Higherlower Vegetation distribution uneveneven Special features More litterLess litter Crown widthlargersmaller Climbersmoreless

4. Question 4 Woodland 1Woodland 2 Light Intensity Smaller -Larger crowns +various strata blockage Larger -smaller crowns +thin and less strata TemperatureLower -sunlight is highly blocked by the various strata Higher -sunlight is easier to pass though to the ground surface due to thinner strata

5. HumidityHigher -weaker sunlight Lower -stronger sunlight Wind speedHomogenous +low -abundant vegetation cover

6. Woodland 1Above canopy layer Light intensityLowerHigher -no plants cover TemperatureLowerHigher -strong sunlight

7. HumidityhigherLower -strong sunlight Wind speedLowHigh No plants blockage

8. Woodland 2Above canopy layer Light Intensity Lower -trees cover Higher -direct sunlight TemperatureLower -abundant vegetation cover Higher -higher light intensity  higher temperature

9. HumidityHigherLower -Higher temperature  lower water capacity Wind speedLower - more trees Higher -no vegetation blockage

10. Soil of woodland 1

11. Soil of woodland 2

12. Soil data Woodland 1Woodland 2 colourDark brown pH value5.2(acidic) Moisture28.9%22.2% Organic matter 17.2%13.2% Ammonia

13. Reasons for difference of soil between woodland 1 and2  Woodland 1 has a darker soil colour due to high content of humus  Woodland 1 has a higher moisture because there are plenty of trees and shrubs. On the contrary,woodland 2 has a lower moisture,because solar energy is easy to reaches the ground surface  Woodland 1 has a higher degree of decomposition due to favourable micro- climate.  Woodland 1 has fertile soil due to the existence of animals waste

14. Litter of woodland 1

15. Litter of woodland 2

16. “ Vegetation,soil and climate are inter-related.” Co Soil Climate

17.  Sunlight - the more insolation, the more vegetation  Rainfall –

18. Litter data Woodland 1Woodland 2 ColourYellow brown SmellTree smellSoil,grasses ContentBranches, leaves,animals waste,insects Branches, leaves, humus Degree of decomposition HighMedium weight269.3g210.1g Number of animals About 2

19. Reasons for difference of litter between woodland 1 and 2  Woodland 1 has a higher degree of decomposition due to high amount of trees. And also,the wet and dark condition is favourable for decomposer.  Woodland 1 has more different content –E.g.animals waste,decayed leaves,branches due to the different kinds of trees and more numbers of strata.