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Figure 44.0 Fox in snow
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Figure 44.1 Regulators and conformers
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Figure 44.2 A partial energy and material bookkeeping for ten years in the life of a young woman
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Figure 44.3 Heat exchange between an organism and its environment
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Figure 44.3x Heat exchange
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Figure 44.4 The relationship between body temperature and ambient (environmental) temperature in an ectotherm and an endotherm
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Figure 44.5 Countercurrent heat exchangers
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Figure 44.6 Skin as an organ of thermoregulation
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Figure 44.6x Skin, cross section
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Figure 44.x1 Harbor seal
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Figure 44.7x Behavioral adaptation for thermoregulation
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Figure 44.8 Thermoregulation in large, active fishes
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Figure 44.9 Thermoregulation in moths
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Figure 44.10 The thermostat function of the hypothalamus and feedback mechanisms in human thermoregulation
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Figure 44.11 Body temperature and metabolism during hibernation of Belding’s ground squirrel
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Figure 44.12 Salt-excreting glands in birds
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Figure 44.13 Nitrogenous wastes
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Figure 44.14a Osmoregulation in a saltwater fish
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Figure 44.14b Osmoregulation in a freshwater fish
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Figure 44.15 Anhydrobiosis: Hydrated tardigrade (left), dehydrated tardigrade (right)
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Figure 44.16 Water balance in two terrestrial mammals
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Figure 44.17 Key functions of excretory systems: an overview
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Figure 44.18 Protonephridia: the flame-bulb system of a planarian
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Figure 44.19 Metanephridia of an earthworm
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Figure 44.20 Malpighian tubules of insects
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Figure 44.21 The human excretory system at four size scales
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Figure 44.22 The nephron and collecting duct: regional functions of the transport epithelium
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Figure 44.23 How the human kidney concentrates urine: the two-solute model (Layer 1)
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Figure 44.23 How the human kidney concentrates urine: the two-solute model (Layer 2)
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Figure 44.23 How the human kidney concentrates urine: the two-solute model (Layer 3)
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Figure 44.24 Hormonal control of the kidney by negative feedback circuits
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Figure 44.25 A vampire bat (Desmodus rotundas), a mammal with a unique excretory situation
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