1. © 2005 Invensys IP and 802.15.4 To V6 or not to V6 Geoff Mulligan Invensys Controls Co-chair of IETF 6LowPAN WG Chair Zigbee IPv6 Tech Group

2. © 2005 Invensys 2 Background  Pentagon Pent-TIP/Pent-Unix/Arpanet  USAFA (instructor)  DEC/Sun SIP->IPv6  Couple of Startups  Invensys – Chief Scientist

3. © 2005 Invensys 3 Invensys Business description Key statistics  Leading global provider of components, systems and services used in:  comfort and safety of commercial and residential living environments  appliance controls for “white goods” OEMS  large and small building systems  commercial refrigeration systems  Leader in process controls systems  Differentiates itself in marketplace by depth and breadth of offerings and channels  Revenue:$7bln  Manufacturing facilities:20  Employees:8,500+ Gaoming Changzhou Utsinomiya Kuala Lumpur Slough Plymouth Genoa Oetwil Belluno Nurnberg Toronto Mansfield El Paso Matamoros Chihuahua Mexicali Corona Rockford Manufacturing Distribution Plain City Brownsville Long Beach Maryville Shanghai

4. © 2005 Invensys 4 Invensys

5. © 2005 Invensys 5 b Automotive HVAC Controls Humidistat and motor speed controls Time Controls Thermostats Heat alarms Time Controls

6. © 2005 Invensys 6 Why Wireless  Reduce installation costs  Flexibility  Hundreds of sensors and Tens of controls  Mantra – “No new wires”  The network needs to be self-configuring to reduce planning  The network needs to be self-healing to reduce maintenance  The system needs to be reliable to be usable

7. © 2005 Invensys 7 Standards or Not  Proprietary chosen for performance characteristics  Standards perceived to be less optimized  Standards provide for  Lower cost, tools, experience, interoperability “Within 12 months technology will overcome performance gains by proprietary systems.”

8. © 2005 Invensys 8 Overview of 6LowPAN  A simple low throughput wireless network comprising typically low cost and low power devices  Devices in the network may work together to connect the physical environment to real world applications, e.g., wireless sensors networks  Devices may also act as simple controls such as a remote control for a home  Common topologies include – star, mesh, and combinations of star and mesh  The Phy and MAC layers conform to IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard

9. © 2005 Invensys 9 802.15.4 MAC  Unslotted or Slotted CSMA/CA  Supports low power operation  Supports AES for security  MAC Frame size - 127 octets  Frame payload size – 102 octets  Provides peer-to-peer communication  Can support higher layer mesh networks

10. © 2005 Invensys 10 15.4 Network Topology 802.15.4 End Device (RFD or FFD) 802.15.4 Router (FFD) 802.15.4 Coordinator (FFD) Mesh Link Star Link

11. © 2005 Invensys 11 Zigbee?  Invensys – founder of Zigbee alliance  Currently  Large, Complex, Immature  Solving wrong problem  IP 2 (IP and IPR)  Future  Smaller, Mature, Stable  Bridges and Gateways

12. © 2005 Invensys 12 IP Myths  Headers are too big  Stateless header compression  Code size  IP stacks available in 3-6K range  Initial indications are MAC, AODV and IP stack under 20K  RAM  1.5 to 2K are current estimates

13. © 2005 Invensys 13 A Meshy Problem  Where to Mesh  On top of IP  Under IP  Chose to mesh under IP  Simplification for IP  Allow for network layer replacement

14. © 2005 Invensys 14 Why V6  Common Infrastructure  Hybrid networks  Larger address space  No need for configuration servers  No DHCP server  No need for NAT  Header more easily compressed

15. © 2005 Invensys 15 V6 Header Compression  Stateless header compression  Unlike v4 header compression  Use of redundant 15.4 fields  MAC address  Elimination/Compression of unused fields  Version, DS, Flow, Next Header, Hop Limit  Header can be compressed to just 4 bytes on-net and 12 bytes off-net  Assumes network will not be a transit network

16. © 2005 Invensys 16 Invensys IPv6 Stack 802.15.4 LiteAODVtinyIPv6/ICMPUDPv6SNMP LiteSockets  Range: > 100m  Reliable and self healing network: 30 nodes (4 to 5 hops)  Battery life: > 1 year using AA  Network of PANs: RIP bad but does work  Low Cost: < $10 now  Stack: < 15K code size

17. © 2005 Invensys 17 15.4 Hardware  Vendors  Freescale, Chipcon, Atmel, ZMD, Integration Associates, Renesas  SOCs – maybe too early  RAM not NV constrained  Sub $10 modules today  Sub $3 in 2007

18. © 2005 Invensys 18 6LowPan Hardware

19. © 2005 Invensys 19 Current Applications  Goodwatts  Connected Home  Home Controls  Safer Home  Eldercare

20. © 2005 Invensys 20 Goodwatts  Energy Management (monitoring and control)  Previously proprietary RF network  Deploying IPv6 over 802.15.4 mesh sensor network  Need to tunnel v6!  Pilots projects:  California, Oregon, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Canada

21. © 2005 Invensys 21 Goodwatts Cable LCM HVAC

22. © 2005 Invensys 22 Residential Controls and Safety  Interconnect  Smoke Detectors  CO Detectors  Flammable Vapor Detectors  Thermostat  Water heater control  Extend to Appliances  Safer/Connected Home  Not HomeAutomation or “Smart Home”

23. © 2005 Invensys 23 IETF and Zigbee  6LowPan working group  6 papers for Next IETF  Problem space, Adaptation Layer, Service Discovery, Routing, Security  IPv6 over Zigbee working group  New stack profile for next alliance meeting

24. © 2005 Invensys 24 Contact information  Geoff Mulligan geoff.mulligan@invensys.com geoff@mulligan.com 719-593-2992