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Mechanical Designs and Motors
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Arena
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Aspects of Robotics Robotics Mechanical aspects Actuators
Motors (DC Motors, Servo, Stepper, Encoder) Hydraulics Pneumatics Basic structure Mechanisms Electronic aspects Micro-controller(Arduino) Motor drivers(L293, L298, MOSFET) Remote control (PS2, DPDT switches)
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Actuators An actuator is a type of motor for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. It is operated by a source of energy. Types of actuators: Electric motors DC motor, Servos, Stepper, Encoder Pneumatics Hydraulics
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DC Motors These are simple motors used for simple purpose.
Speed can be reduced by reducing the voltage supplied, however that’s not an efficient way of doing things. Torque and speed are inversely proportional. Generally a 100rpm – 300rpm motor is used as the wheels of a robot . Never apply voltage more than applied voltage. Rated voltage is generally 6V, 12V or 24 V
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Mechanisms Rigid bodies connected by joints in order to accomplish a desired force and/or motion transmission constitute a mechanism. Gripping mechanism, Hands of a robot is referred to gripper. Lifting mechanism Will be used to lift the gripper.
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Motion Transfer mechanisms
Rotation to linear motion Rack and pinion Power screw Conveyer belt Rotation to rotation motion Gears(spur, bevel, worm etc.)
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Power screw Rack and pinion Conveyer belt
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Spur gear Bevel gear Worm gear
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Types of Grippers 4-Bar mechanism: Ends stay Parallel. Good Universal
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Roller gripper: Slow, Simple, Misalignment problem
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Power screw gripper Slow Self Locking.
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Lifting mechanisms Pulleys Sliders 4-Bar linkage mechanism
Scissor mechanism
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Pulley lifting mechanism
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Sliders They move linear Combine pulley and sliders for lifting
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4-Bar linkage Parallelogram mechanism. Object moves parallel.
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Scissor mechanism
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Wheels Wheels for plastic shaft motor Omni wheel ATV wheel
Mecannum wheel
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Switches
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