1. Guano Islands: Perú December 2008 José A. Ochoa

2. Guano Islands are a group of small rocky islands off the coast of Peru, usually they are bordered with cliffs on all sides, and mostly covered by the nests and guano of many seabirds. Guano is a quechua word “wanu”, meaning “droppings of sea birds”.

3. Islands visited Islas Guañape Isla Santa Isla Mazorca Islas Ballestas, San Gallan

4. Guano is an effective fertilizer, consists of ammonia, with high levels of phosphorus and nitrogen. These islands were of interest for their extensive guano deposits. The Incas assigned great value to guano, restricting access to the islands. Isla Mazorca Seabirds Sula variegataPelecanus thagus

5. Scorpions were collected at night with UV light detection in rocky areas, as well as under stones and bird nests during the day. birdnest Hadruroides tishqu Hadruroides is the only scorpion genus present in these islands

6. Four specimens under one bird nest !!!!

7. Islas Ballestas Guano islands are currently protected by the Peruvian state

8. Isla San Gallan, Ica Caleta Huacho on the coastal mainland, northern Peru José A. Ochoa and two local fishermen, Isla Mazorca Joyce Vitorino and José A. Ochoa, Islas Ballestas

9. Ecuador 20 days (8–18 November, 14–22 December 2008) ca. 1700 km, between 300–2000 m, exclusively through montane rainforest on the eastern and western sides of the Andes in the following provinces: Pichincha, Napo, Tunguragua and Morona Santiago

10. Baños, Tunguragua Tityus roigi Teuthraustes

11. Tityus asthenes Misahualli river, Napo Nanegalito, Pichincha

12. Tityus bastosi Ananteris ashmolei Tityus demangei Faustino Tsenkush, Marco Shakai and Cristobal Chiriap Tayunts, Los Tayos

13. Acknowledgments to: Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales de Perú (INRENA) Proyecto Especial de Promoción del Aprovechamiento de Abonos Provenientes de Aves Marinas (PROABONOS) Ministerio del Ambiente de la Republica del Ecuador Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales AMNH Kalbfleisch Postdoctoral Fellowship Help in fieldwork Joyce Vitorino Villegas (Univ. Nac. Cusco). Eufemio Rea and Cesar Rea (Huacho). Faustino Tsenkush, Marco Shakai and Cristobal Chiriap (Los Tayos, Ecuador)