1. Miscellaneous abnormalities Presented by Martin Reagon Debs Farr 2011

2. Electrolyte imbalances  Hyperkalaemia  Hypokalaemia  Hypocalcaemia  Hypercalcaemia

3. HyperKalaemia  Peaked T wave ( empire state building!)  P wave flattening  Prolonged PR  QRS widens  Increase in size of U wave

7.  T wave flattening  ST depression  Prolonged QT interval  U wave  Nb – Hypomagnesia can be identical!

10. Hypercalcemia  Malignant tumours  Excessive vitamin d  May be life threatening!!!!!!  ECG- Shortens QT interval

13. Digitalis Effect

15. Digitalis toxicity  ST depression  Characteristic sag

18. Hypothermia  Core body temperature of < 95 degrees  Prolongation of QRS  Bradycardia  Development of J wave Distinctive narrow positive wave the Osborn wave/J wave/J deflection/camel’s humpDistinctive narrow positive wave the Osborn wave/J wave/J deflection/camel’s hump Occurs at the junction of the QRS complex and ST segmentOccurs at the junction of the QRS complex and ST segment

20. Pulmonary Embolism   S1Q3T3 pattern a prominent S wave in lead I a Q wave and inverted T wave in lead III   sinus tachycardia   T wave inversion in leads V1 - V3   Right Bundle Branch Block   low amplitude deflections

21. . A 40 year old woman with pleuritic chest pain and breathlessness