1. Dissolving vs. Dissociating Sugar vs. Salt

2. Electrolytes: Charged particles or ions present in a solution can conduct an electric current. Ionic compounds and some very polar molecules (HCl) act as electrolytes. Most non-polar compounds are non-electrolytes. Molecular compounds dissolve as whole molecules. These molecules are uncharged so there are no particles to carry a current.

4. Ions Charged particles carry electricity.

5. H Cl H O H H O H H H O H H O H δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ+δ+ ELECTROLYTE √ polar solvent very polar solute

6. polar solvent ionic solute H O H H O H H O H H O H + - δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ+δ+ Na Cl Na Cl ELECTROLYTE √

7. polar solvent polar solute H O H H H H H C C H O H H H H H C C H O H H O H δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ δ-δ- δ+δ+ ELECTROLYTE No ions Dissolves as whole – no charged particles.

8. The dissociation or ionization of a substance in water can be shown using chemical equations. C 11 H 22 O 11(s) C 11 H 22 O 11(aq) NaCl (s) Na + (aq) + Cl – (aq) Step 1: Determine if the compound is polar. Step 2: If ionic, write the ions. Step 3: Use subscripts as coefficients. Step 4: Write equation using appropriate states. non-electrolyte electrolytes

9. Write the equation for aqueous aluminum sulphate. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 metal polyatomic ion Al +3 SO 4 -2 2 Al +3 (aq) 3 SO 4 -2 (aq) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (s) 1 3 2 4

10. dissolvedissociation electrolyte non-electrolyte Electronegativityhydration polaritypolar non-polarsolvation Key Words