1. controlled combustion with minimal oxygen from biomass carbon-negative energy Stage 1: cook off water vapor 50 kg batch experimental module Input: peanut hull pellets Stage 4: cook off biofuels Stage 2: burn off hydrogen Biofuel & Biochar Univ. of Georgia, Athens Danny Day EPRIDA, Pr esident EPRIDA byproduct: biochar Pyrolysis HIGHNITROGEN from biomass click to continue Nitrogen fertilizers

2. no biochar with EPRIDA biochar Soil Penetration Tests no biochar EPRIDA biochar biochar + compost Using Biochar Corn Test Plots EPRIDA, Univ. of Georgia July 2005 click to continue

3. C arbon- N egative E nergy produced when carbon sequestered is greater than carbon emitted Then net carbon emissions are less than zero: Using Biochar in agricultural soils Carbon is removed from the atmosphere into long-term storage in soil for centuries, probably millennia even if biofuels are burned Carbon-Negative click to continue