1. Learn to Write Chapter Ⅲ : composition Lecture two:steps of writing a composition

2. 1st step: read the direction carefully Advertising is common throughout the word as a way of letting the public know about a product. Some people feel that advertising is generally helpful, while others feel it is often harmful. Discuss your idea of good and bad effects of advertising, and decide whether you think it is generally helpful or harmful. Use specific examples to support your discussion.

3. The Good and Bad Effects of Advertising You are to write in four paragraphs. In the first paragraph, state your point of view. In the second paragraph, describe the harmful effects and give specific example. In the third paragraph, describe the helpful effects and give specific examples. In the last paragraph, restate your point of view.

4. 2nd step: think about the topic sentence 1.Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results. 2.The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. 3.In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. 4.All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.

5. 3rd step: developing sentences. You needn’t think about the order and unity. 1.Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results. a. In most countries in the world, advertising is common. b. You can see posters on doors, sighs in buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on TV. c. We benefit a lot from advertisements.

6. 2. The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. a. When you are listening to beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. b. Television commercials are the worst of all. c. Your program is stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. d. Newspapers, radios and television companies could not survive without advertisements. e. I think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers’ right to interrupt TV and radio programs.

7. 3. In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. c. When I do shopping, I can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product I want to buy. a. By being more informed, I can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. b. With advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping, looking for jobs, etc. d. Advertisements result in competition, which enables customers to buy more good things.

8. 4. All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.

9. 4th step: arrange developing sentences in order, and take out the unrelated sentences. 1.Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results. a. In most countries in the world, advertising is common. b. You can see posters on doors, sighs in buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on TV. c. We benefit a lot from advertisements.

10. 2. The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. a. When you are listening to beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. b. Television commercials are the worst of all. c. Your program is stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. d. Newspapers, radios and television companies could not survive without advertisements. e. I think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers’ right to interrupt TV and radio programs.

11. 3. In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. c. When I do shopping, I can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product I want to buy. a. By being more informed, I can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. b. With advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping, looking for jobs, etc. d. Advertisements result in competition, which enables customers to buy more good things. C A B

12. 4. All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.

13. 5 th step: expand the outline into a composition using linking words In most countries in the world, advertising is common. You can see posters on doors, sighs in buses, pictures in magazines, and commercials on TV. Though these signs of advertising are often disliked, I feel that, overall, advertising has very positive results.

14. The harmful effects of advertising are obvious. When you are listening to beautiful music on the radio, a commercial is disturbing when it interrupts your program and changes your mood. Television commercials are the worst of all. Your program is stopped, and you are forced to watch an advertisement unless you actively change the channel or leave the room. I think that there should be laws to limit the advertisers’ right to interrupt TV and radio programs.

15. In general, however, I think that the positive results of advertisements are beneficial to society and individuals. When I do shopping, I can use advertisements in newspapers to compare prices, features, and quality of the product I want to buy. By being more informed, I can buy something that will benefit me in the long run. With advertisements, people save a lot of time in shopping, looking for jobs, and so on. All in all, for a wise and educated shopper, the helpful effects of advertising outweigh the harmful effects.

16. Discourse pattern: Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Restatement Closing Head Body Conclusion Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3 Explain Introductory

17. C lass work: group work Please make an outline for the following topic. Topic: Advantages and Disadvantages of Examination

18. Outline (for reference) Introduction 1. Examination is a commonly used way to… Development 2. The advantages of examination A. the method to test how much the examinees have mastered a. to check how much they have achieved b. to help find out what problems exist in their study

19. B. the way to inspire and stimulate one to learn further a. to inspire them to make great effort in their study b. to help improve their learning method, etc. C. The measurement for examiners to choose qualified persons

20. 3. Disadvantages of examination A. to make people nervous B. to be a burden for examinees C. to fail to test the practical ability of a person, etc.

21. Conclusion 4. There are more advantages than disadvantages. A. to take advantage of examination B. to avoid disadvantages a. overcome nervousness b. avoid too many examinations

22. Homework: Practice Develop the outline into a passage.