1. Volunteer Water Quality Monitoring Part of The Missouri Stream Team Program CFMMDCDNR

2. And CITIZENS!

3. GOALS Inform and Educate Inform and Educate Establish a Monitoring Network Establish a Monitoring Network Enable Citizens Enable Citizens Halt Degradation Halt Degradation

4. INTRODUCTORY LEVEL This is the entry level of monitoring that includes watershed mapping, visual assessment of stream and biological monitoring. This is the entry level of monitoring that includes watershed mapping, visual assessment of stream and biological monitoring. The emphasis is education about watersheds and biological monitoring. The emphasis is education about watersheds and biological monitoring. Classes offered in spring and early summer. Classes offered in spring and early summer.

5. INTRODUCTORY LEVEL The NRCS Short Course will be counted as an Introductory Level VWQM workshop! The NRCS Short Course will be counted as an Introductory Level VWQM workshop!

6. LEVEL 1 This level includes chemical and physical monitoring. This level includes chemical and physical monitoring. A quality control designation of Level 1 indicates that the volunteer has completed the 8-hour Level 1 workshop. A quality control designation of Level 1 indicates that the volunteer has completed the 8-hour Level 1 workshop. Classes offered in late summer/early fall. Classes offered in late summer/early fall.

7. LEVEL 1 (cont.) To be eligible, must have attended Intro class AND submitted Visual Survey and Macroinvertebrate data. To be eligible, must have attended Intro class AND submitted Visual Survey and Macroinvertebrate data. Class in which you are provided chemical monitoring equipment. Class in which you are provided chemical monitoring equipment.

8. LEVEL 2 Data assigned the quality control designation of Level 2 indicates the volunteer has successfully completed the Level 2 Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) workshop. Data assigned the quality control designation of Level 2 indicates the volunteer has successfully completed the Level 2 Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) workshop. To be eligible, must have attended Level 1 class AND submitted Stream Discharge and Water Chemistry data. To be eligible, must have attended Level 1 class AND submitted Stream Discharge and Water Chemistry data.

9. LEVEL 3 The designation of Level 3 indicates that program personnel have evaluated the volunteer in the field at their monitoring site. The designation of Level 3 indicates that program personnel have evaluated the volunteer in the field at their monitoring site. To be eligible, a volunteer must successfully complete the Level 2 Workshop AND regularly submit Chemical, Invertebrate, Stream Discharge, and Visual Survey data. To be eligible, a volunteer must successfully complete the Level 2 Workshop AND regularly submit Chemical, Invertebrate, Stream Discharge, and Visual Survey data.

10. BIOLOGICAL MONITORING

11. Benthic Macroinvertebrates  Benthic =  Stream bottom  Macro =  Can see without microscope  Invertebrate =  Organism without a backbone

12. Vital in Stream Ecosystems

13. ADVANTAGES  Non-Mobile  Species with Different Tolerances  Continuous Monitoring  Easy to Collect  Inexpensive Equipment  Easy to Identify  No Chemicals Needed

14. King …Salmon! Came Over Great… Nymph Larva Phillip For

15. CATEGORIES OF POLLUTION TOLERANCE  Pollution Sensitive  Somewhat Pollution Tolerant  Pollution Tolerant

16. Head Thorax Abdomen GillsYES! Tails Wingpads Legs

17. Mayfly Nymph Gills on the Abdomen MDC photo

18. Mayfly Nymph Gills on the Abdomen Photo courtesy of North American Benthological Society (NABS)

19. Head Thorax Abdomen NO Gills May see gills on Thorax ‘Hairy Armpits’ Two Tails

20. Stonefly Nymph May see Gills on the Thorax Not on the abdomen MDC photo

21. Stonefly Nymph Gills on the Thorax Not on the abdomen To Scale!! MDC photo

22. Stonefly Nymph MDC photo

23. Head Thorax Abdomen Prolegs Crunchy “Mmmm, Cream Filled!” Case 6 Legs

24. Caddisfly Larva “CreamFilled!” Crunchy! 6 Legs Prolegs MDC photo

25. Case Sand Case Caddisfly Larva MDC photo

26. Caddisfly Larva Leaf Case MDC photo

27. BlueBugCard(front)

28. BlueBugCard(back)

29. SegmentedLegs? Wingpads? Hair like tails? Prolegs? Filaments? Crunchy all the way through Riffle Beetle Larvae 6 Legs? Gills? Oar like tails? FatAbdomen? LargeEyes? MDC photo

30. Riffle Beetle Adult MDC photo

31. Water Penny MDC photo

32. Water Penny Head Legs Gills MDC photo

33. Water Penny MDC photo

34. Gilled Snail MDC photo

35. Gilled Snail Opening to the right MDC photo

36. Hellgrammite (Dobsonfly Larva) Large mandibles Gill tufts Lateral filaments MDC photo

37. “Somewhat Tolerant” Category Crayfish MDC photo

38. Sowbug

39. Sowbug

40. Scud

41. “Pickled” Scud MDC photo

42. Alderfly Larva No gills Mandibles Single tail w/ “A” shapedbase MDC photo

43. Fishfly Larva No gills under Lateral Filaments Breathingtubes MDC photo

44. Fishfly Larva MDC photo

45. Damselfly Nymph Oar Shaped Tails (Gills) MDC photo

46. Damselfly Nymph MDC photo

47. Watersnipe Fly Larva Body segments ‘Featheryhorns’ Photo courtesy of NABS

48. Crane Fly Larva Finger-likeprojections Super squishy! Photo courtesy of NABS

49. “Other Beetle Larva” Many different types!!! Process of elimination Photo courtesy of NABS

50. Dragonfly Nymph Segmentedlegs Lower lip Large eyes Wideabdomen MDC photo

51. DragonflyNymph

52. Dragonfly Nymph MDC photo

53. Freshwater Mussels Put back this end down!! MDC photo

54. Aquatic Worm (Aquatic Earthworm) “Tolerant” Category MDC photo

55. Aquatic Worm (Horsehair Worm) MDC photo

56. Midge Fly Larva (Bloodworm) MDC photo

57. Midge Fly Larvae Head Prolegs Photo courtesy of NABS

58. Black Fly Larva Fat Butt Filter Feeding Mouthparts MDC photo

59. Black Fly Larvae Fan-likestructures SuctionRing Fat Butt Photo courtesy of NABS

60. Leech MDC photo

61. Sampling Methods

62. Lets go sample!

63. EQUIPMENT  3’x3’ net  3-pronged garden tool (optional)  Sorting pan and/or white ice cube tray  Forceps  Squirt bottle  Hand lens  D-frame net (optional)

64. Replicate Sampling

65. SAMPLING STREAM HABITATS  To determine water quality using invertebrates:  Three net sets  Three different microhabitats  One or two net sets do not provide accurate representation of water quality.  What are habitat types in Missouri streams?  How do I find three habitats to sample?

66. STREAM HABITATS Ozark Streams Riffles Root Mats Prairie & Lowland Streams Root Mats Snags/Woody Debris Non-Flow

67. Ozark Streams Riffles Root Mats Prairie & Lowland Streams Root Mats Snags/Woody Debris Non-Flow STREAM HABITATS

68. SAMPLE ANALYSIS  Remove invertebrates from the net  Record the time spent removing the invertebrates from the net  Identify the invertebrates  Count the invertebrates and record results

69. Front: Invert Data Sheet

70. Back: Invert Data Sheet

71. Example 1: Invert Data Sheet

72. Example 2: Invert Data Sheet

73. FACTORS THAT AFFECT RATING  Substrate  Depth and Velocity  Season  Water Temp

74. FACTORS THAT AFFECT RATING (cont.)  Flow  Water Chemistry  Physical Factors  ID to Order

75. Observation: High density, high diversity, many sensitive species such as stoneflies, caddisflies, and mayflies. Analysis: No problem, good water quality. ANALYZING INVERTEBRATE DATA

76. Observation: High diversity, low density of species present. High diversity, low density of species present.Analysis: Possibly due to poor habitat conditions. Possibly due to poor habitat conditions. ANALYZING INVERTEBRATE DATA

77. Observation: Low diversity, high density of species present. Analysis: Organic pollution (nutrient enrichment) or sedimentation; excessive algal growth resulting from nutrient enrichment. Organic pollution (nutrient enrichment) or sedimentation; excessive algal growth resulting from nutrient enrichment. ANALYZING INVERTEBRATE DATA

78. Observation: Low diversity, low density, or no bugs but the stream appears clean. Analysis: Toxic pollution (e.g., chlorine, acids, heavy metals, oil, herbicides, insecticides); unproductive. Toxic pollution (e.g., chlorine, acids, heavy metals, oil, herbicides, insecticides); unproductive. ANALYZING INVERTEBRATE DATA

79. Training Record Forms In order for you to get credit for today’s workshop, we must have the training record form filled out and turned in before you leave! In order for you to get credit for today’s workshop, we must have the training record form filled out and turned in before you leave! Chapter 12, page Chapter 12, page (even if you have attended this workshop previously)