1. Plural NOUNS

2. Latin Words in English cactus formulae narcissi axis radii larva
SINGULAR
PLURAL
cactus
formulae
narcissi
axis
radii
larva
fungus
appendices
vertebra
matrix
What are the missing plural or singular forms for these English words?

3. Latin Words in English cactus cacti formula formulae narcissus
SINGULAR
PLURAL
cactus
cacti
formula
formulae
narcissus
narcissi
axis
axes
radius
radii
larva
larvae
fungus
fungi
appendix
appendices
vertebra
vertebrae
matrix
matrices
Latin Words in English
Can you think of any other English words that would fit these patterns?

4. How do you make these words plural?
antenna
larva
vertebra
femina
via
antennae
larvae
vertebrae
feminae
viae

5. -ae 1st Declension Nouns -a -am 1st Declension Nouns Singular Plural
Nominative (Subject) -a
-ae
Accusative (Dir Obj)
-am

6. How do you make these words plural?
fungus
stimulus
apparatus
amicus
servus
fungi
stimuli
apparati
amici
servi

7. -i 2nd Declension Nouns -us -um 1st Declension Nouns Singular Plural
Nominative (Subject)
-us -i
Accusative (Dir Obj)
-um

8. How do you make these words plural?
bacterium
datum
minimum
forum
atrium
bacteria
data
minima
fora
atria

9. 2nd Declension Nouns (Neuter nouns!)
1st Declension Nouns
Singular
Plural
Nominative (Subject)
-um -a
Accusative (Dir Obj)

10. How do you make these words plural?
axes
vertices
bases
matres
mercatores
axis
vertex
basis
mater, matris
mercator, mercatoris

11. -es 3rd Declension Nouns ~ -em 1st Declension Nouns Singular Plural
Nominative (Subject) ~
-es
Accusative (Dir Obj)
-em

12. Make the following Nominative Plural…
1. navis, navis
6. ianua, ianuae
2. servus, servi
7. mendax, mendacis
3. iudex, iudicis
8. pecunia, pecuniae
4. cera, caera
9. Quintus, Quinti
5. anulus, anuli
10. leo, leonis

13. Plural VERBS

14. Present Endings - SONG Singular Plural 1st -o (I) -mus (We)
2nd -s (You) -tis (Y’all)
3rd -t (S/he, it) -nt (They)
amo, amas, amat, amamus, amatis, amant
moneo, mones, monet, monemus, monetis, monent
rego, regis, regit, regimus, regitis, regunt
audio, audis, audit, audimus, auditis, audiunt

15. In English, what happens to the verb?
The dog sees dinner.
The dogs ______ dinner.

16. In Latin, the verb has to change too!
The dog sees dinner. The dogs see dinner. canis cenam videt. canes cenam vident.

17. 1st and 2nd Conjugations Go to the second Principal part Drop the ‘RE’
Add ‘NT’
Example:
LAUDARE
LAUDA…
LAUDANT (They praise)

18. 3rd and 4th Conjugations Go to the 2nd principal part.
Drop the ‘ERE’ if 3rd and the ‘RE’ if 4th Conj.
ADD ‘UNT’
Example:
AGERE AUDIRE
AG… AUDI…
AGUNT (They do) AUDIUNT

19. Change Singulars to Plurals
ambulo, ambulare
audio, audire
trado, tradere
voco, vocare
ago, agere
maneo, manēre
dico, dicere
vinco, vincere
ambulant
audiunt
tradunt
vocant
agunt
manent
dicunt
vincunt

20. Practice Translation
Practice translating the following story. Link for Vocabulary Help – CLICK HERE

21. Translate in theatro (page 80)

22. Culture Reading
Study the following taken from your textbook.