1. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Chapter 9: Death and Dying Module 9.3 Grief and Bereavement

2. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. GRIEF AND BEREAVEMENT

3. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Mourning and Funerals: Final Rites Costs –Average funeral and burial costs $7,000 –Survivors are susceptible to suggestions to “provide the best” for deceased –Determined by social norms and customs 488

4. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Cultural Differences in Grieving Western societal rituals (some variations) –Body preparation –Celebration of a religious rite –Military customs 488

5. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Cultural Differences in Grieving Non-western rituals different from western Examples: –Shave heads, let hair and beard grow –Noisy celebration and silence –High emotional display of emotion and no display of emotion 488

6. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Feldman concludes that all funerals basically serve the same underlying function. What is this function?

7. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Bereavement and Grief: Adjusting to the Death of a Loved One

8. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. What is the difference? Bereavement Grief 489

9. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Grieving in the Western World 1 st stage: grief typically entails shock, numbness, disbelief, or outright denial 2 nd stage: people begin to confront the death and realize extent of their loss 3 rd stage: people reach accommodation stage 488

10. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Death of Long-term Spouse Strength of relationship with can have effect on grieving process Almost always traumatic experience that is usually followed by intense grief and anguish 489

11. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. What other factors besides interpersonal closeness might affect the duration of grief after losing a long-time spouse?

12. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. When Grief Goes Awry No particular timetable for grieving For some people (but not all) grieving may take considerably longer than a year Only 15 to 30 percent of people show relatively deep depression following loss of loved one Those who show most intense distress immediately after a death are most apt to have adjustment difficulties and health problems later on 490

13. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Consequences of Grief and Bereavement Negative –Widowed people are particularly at risk of death –More negative consequences if person is already insecure, anxious, or fearful, overly dependent, or lacking in social support –Sudden death Positive Remarriage lowers risk of death for survivors, especially for widowers 490

14. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Becoming an Informed Consumer of Development Helping a Child Cope with Grief Be honest Encourage expressions of grief Reassure children that they are not to blame for the death Understand that children’s grief may surface in unanticipated ways Children may respond to books for young persons about death 491

15. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Consider this… What are some policy issues affecting children and adolescents that are currently being debated nationally? Despite the existence of research data that might inform policy about development, politicians rarely discuss such data in their speeches. Why do you think that is the case?

16. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Review and Apply REVIEW After a death, most cultures prescribe some sort of funeral ritual to honor the passing of a community member. Funeral rites play a significant role in helping people acknowledge the death of a loved one, recognize their own mortality, and proceed with their lives. 491

17. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Review and Apply REVIEW Bereavement refers to the loss of a loved one; grief refers to the emotional response to that loss. For many people, grief passes through denial, sorrow, and accommodation. 491

18. Discovering the Lifespan - Robert S. Feldman Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Review and Apply APPLY Why do so many people in U.S. society feel reluctant to think and talk about death? Why do people in other cultures feel less reluctant? 491