2. The Path to Global Standards Harmonization for Transformer Association Robert G. Stoll The Transformer Association April 12, 2007

3. Presentation Format n n Introduction n n Global Standards n n Global Relevance n n International Electrotechnical Commission n n Development of an IEC Standard n n IEC – Transformers - TC 96 n n PTI Global Standards Story n n The Story n n Challenges n n Group Power / The Group n n Three Years Later/The Next Three Years n n Currently n n Next Steps n n Costs n n Questions

4. Introduction n n Almost every industrial sector is influenced in some way by activities in other parts of the world n n Standards have a role in nearly every conceivable industry, from power tools and appliances to automobiles to homeland security and most importantly transformers n n Global impact of a standard should be carefully considered during its development and implementation

5. Global Standards n International standards contribute to making the development, manufacturing and supply of products and services more efficient, safer, and cleaner. n Make trade between countries easier and fairer. n Provide governments with a technical base for health, safety and environmental n Aid in transferring technology to developing countries. n In general, international standards serve to safeguard the consumers and users of products.

6. Global Standards Development n Developing a standard that will be accepted and implemented on a global scale is not easy n Things to consider u Cultural differences u Regulatory requirements u Market requirements n True test of an international standard is whether it is actually used globally

7. Global Relevance Broad effort in international standardization that embraces a more inclusive approach. Broad effort in international standardization that embraces a more inclusive approach. Taking into account the needs of all countries. Taking into account the needs of all countries. Considering the differences in Considering the differences in Infrastructure Infrastructure Environment Environment Social differences during standards development. Social differences during standards development. Affects the technical design of products as well as testing and the rating procedures which need to be repeatable and reproducible all over the world. Affects the technical design of products as well as testing and the rating procedures which need to be repeatable and reproducible all over the world.

8. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) n IEC states the following n “the desired characteristic of an international standard is that it can be used or implemented as broadly as possible by affected industries and other stakeholders in countries around the world”

9. Development of an IEC Standard n PWI n NP n CD n CC n CDV n FDIS n Published Standard n IEC General

10. Potential New Work Item (PWI) n Proposer can be: n National Committee (NC) n Secretary n Liaison organization n General Secretary

11. New Proposal (NP) n Approval process u simple majority of members (51%) u at least 5 experts to be nominated n Rejected u End of work n Approved u Becomes new work item proposal (NP)

12. New Work Item Proposal (NWIP) n 3 month vote n Nominate experts and project leader n Working Draft (WD) within 6 months after initiation n Working Group (WG) is disbanded

13. Committee Draft (CD) n Committee Draft circulated to National Committees n Circulation time u First CD, at least 3 months, no more than 6 months u Subsequent CDs 3 months n National Committees submit comments

14. Compilation of Comments (CC) n Editorial comments: Secretary makes changes n Technical comments: u Discussed with technical chairman and/or project leader u Revised CD u CD out again for comments; 3 months maximum

15. Committee Draft (CD) Maturity n Mature means that the draft has reached technical consensus n Maximum cumulated total time: 24 months

16. Committee Draft for Vote (CDV) n CDV goes out for 5 month vote n National Committees vote u One vote per country u Votes: positive, negative, or abstention u P-members - participating (vote counts) u O-members - observing (can only comment, cannot vote)

17. Committee Draft for Vote (continued) n CDV approved if u 2/3 majority vote positive u Not more than 1/4 votes are negative u Abstentions and negative votes without technical reasons are not counted n Resolution of comments n Preparation of final manuscript by secretary

18. Final Draft International Standard (FDIS) n Maximum cumulated total time: 3 years n Two month vote u Positive: published IEC standard within two months after voting ends u Negative: back to Technical Committee (TC) n FDIS approved if: u 2/3 majority vote positive u Not more than 1/4 votes are negative

19. Systematic Review of International Standards n Every standard reviewed every five years n Maintenance Procedures u Amendments/revisions to existing standards u Maintenance teams (working groups) u No new work u Maintenance cycle - same document flow F CD > CDV > FDIS F Results in revised or amended publication u Cycle time agreed by the Technical Committee

20. IEC General n Central Office (CO) Geneva, Switzerland n All documents must be electronic n Internet: www.iec.ch n New numbering system u ISO from 1 to 59999 u IEC from 60000 to 79999

21. IEC - Transformers n IEC 61558-1 n EN 61558-1 n TC 96 n 20 P-member (10 O-member) countries n Current TTA (US) Members u Mitch Rhine - Signal Transformer u Jeff Brown - Cramer Coil & Transformer Co., Inc. n Loss of UL US TAG Representative

22. IEC – TC 96 n Scope: Standardization in the field of safety and EMC of transformers, reactors, power supply units, and similar products for low voltages up to 1100 V a.c. and a rated frequency up to 100 MHz. n Chairman (Denmark) n Chairman (Denmark) n Mr. Gert BUKKJAER (DK) n Secretary (Germany) n Mr. Wolfgang REICHELT (DE)

23. Power Tool Institute n n The Power Tool Institute is the preeminent trade association for power tools. n n Its members represent all of the major market-leading brands in the areas of portable and stationary, including cordless power tools. n n Major areas of focus are u u Safety u u Education u u Standards u u Legislative

24. Power Tool Institute Members n n THE BLACK & DECKER CORPORATION n n BOSCH POWER TOOLS n n DEWALT n n DELTA n n DREMEL n n HILTI, INC. n n HITACHI KOKI, U.S.A., LTD n n JET EQUIPMENT & TOOLS/WMH TOOL GROUP n n MAKITA USA, INC. n n METABO CORPORATION n n MILWAUKEE ELECTRIC TOOL CORPORATION n n PENTAIR TOOL GROUP n n ROBERT BOSCH TOOL CORP. n n ROTOZIP POWER TOOLS n n RYOBI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. n n SIOUX TOOLS n n SKIL POWER TOOLS

25. PTI’s Global Standards Story WHY? WHY? All of the companies are global. All of the companies are global. All manufacture and sell worldwide. All manufacture and sell worldwide. Cost Savings Cost Savings One Design One Design Easier to manufacture Easier to manufacture Flexibility Flexibility Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount) Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount) One test (CB Scheme) accepted by all One test (CB Scheme) accepted by all European Power Tool Association (EPTA) European Power Tool Association (EPTA) Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s Association (JEMA) Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s Association (JEMA) UL / CSA Binational experience UL / CSA Binational experience

26. The Story - Standards Began in 1999 Began in 1999 Tools - 4 main categories Tools - 4 main categories Portable (IEC 60745) Portable (IEC 60745) Transportable (IEC 61029) Transportable (IEC 61029) Cordless (IEC 62043) Cordless (IEC 62043) Garden (IEC 60335) Garden (IEC 60335) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - SC61F International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - SC61F

27. The Story Decide to start with portable tools Easiest High probability of success Assembled of team of standards engineers from PTI, EPTA, & JEMA Became the Working Group Meetings alternated between USA/Europe

28. Challenges n n Each group had different standards with a long safe track record and a history of users preferences n n Politics n n Have to remember that most of the people were from the same company – just different parts of the world n n MUST be driven with the support of top management

29. Group Power n n USA through PTI applied for the IEC SC 61F Secretariat n n Bosch Germany became the IEC SC 61F Secretariat Chairman n n These individuals held positions within CENELEC (EN standards for Europe) n n Pursued Parallel Voting – at the CDV level the IEC and EN are the same and jointly reviewed.

30. The Group n n The group begins to work together. n n Everyone had the same goal – SAFETY. n n Numerous battles fought during the meetings. n n At the end of the day, all were friends and relationships formed. n n Group transforms from an industry group to include UL, CSA, Government Safety Officials n n Became an IEC Maintenance Team(s)

31. Three Years Later (2002) n n IEC 60745-1: Released the 3 rd edition – incorporates a combination of UL/CSA, EN & IEC standards. n n IEC 60745-2s (22): Released over the next year to complement IEC 60745- 1. n n Example of consensus not reached u u 60745-2-5 Circular Saws u u Both style products in Standards u u Marketplace will pick the “winner”

32. 2002-2005 Decided to incorporate the cordless tools as an annex to IEC 60745 Eliminated the separate cordless standard (IEC 62043) Saves future maintenance and work Released 2 amendments to IEC 60745-1, Edition 3 Released IEC 60745-1 Edition 4 Updated numerous 60745-2s

33. Currently IEC 60745-1 Edition 5 Incorporates IEC 61029 & IEC 60335 Committee Draft (CD) just released Saves manpower Saves time Easier to maintain Aligns with EN and manufacturer’s interest

34. Next Steps Create IEC 60745-2s to update to IEC 60745-1 4 th edition by Maintenance Team 4 Create IEC 61029-2s (10) to update to IEC 60745-1 5 th edition by Maintenance Team 4 Create IEC 60335-2s (7) to update to IEC 60745-1 5 th edition by Maintenance Team 3 5 more years until completion Then only ongoing maintenance.

35. COSTS Manpower Travel Individual companies Association Benefit has exceeded costs

36. Questions