1. Part B
Slides 1 to 137
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2. An Overview of the Skeleton
Most Common Bone Markings (Selected)
Tuberosity
Condyle
Facet
Fossa
Foramen
Sinus
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. An Overview of the Skeleton
Surface Features of Bones
Table 6-1 (1 of 2)

4. An Overview of the Skeleton
Surface Features of Bones
Table 6-1 (2 of 2)

5. An Overview of the Skeleton
Skeletal Divisions
Axial skeleton
Skull
Thoracic cage and sternum –aka “the bony thorax’
Vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton
Upper, lower limbs
Pectoral girdle (shoulder bones)
Pelvic girdle (hips etc.)
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6. An Overview of the Skeleton
Please memorize the names of these bones and be able to identify them on a diagram.
Skip “coxal bone”
Figure 6-8(a)

7. An Overview of the Skeleton
Please memorize the names of these bones and be able to identify them on a diagram.
Figure 6-8(b)

8. An Overview of the Skeleton
The Axial and Appendicular Divisions of the Skeleton.
Please memorize the names of these bones and be able to identify them on a diagram.
Referenced 6-9.1
Figure 6-9

9. The Axial Division: The Skull
Bones of the Cranium
Frontal bone
Forehead, superior surface of orbits
Parietal bones
Sides, roof of skull
Occipital bone
Foramen magnum (“big hole”)
Temporal bones
Sides, base
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10. The Axial Division: The Skull
Bones of the Face (continued)
Maxillary
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11. The Axial Division: The Skull
The Adult Skull (Part I)
Figure 6-10

12. The Axial Division: The Skull
Bones of the Face
Maxillary bones (upper jaw)
Zygomatic bones
Zygomatic arch (with temporal bones)
Mandible (lower jaw)
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13. The Axial Division: The Skull
Bones of the Face (continued)
Nasal bones
Lacrimal bones
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14. The Axial Division: The Skull
Bones of the Face (continued)
Paranasal sinuses
Frontal
Maxillary
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15. The Axial Division: The Skull
The Adult Skull (Part II)
Figure 6-11(a)

16. The Axial Division: The Skull
Sectional Anatomy of the Skull
THIS VIEW OF SKULL NOT ON TEST!
Figure 6-12(a)

17. The Axial Division: The Skull
The Paranasal Sinuses
No need to learn these names.
Just know where sinuses are located.
Figure 6-13

18. The Axial Division: The Skull
The Hyoid Bone
Figure 6-14

19. Axial Division: The Skull
Skull of a Newborn
Figure 6-15(b)

20. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Vertebral Column (Spine)
26 Bones
7 Cervical vertebrae (C1 to C7)
12 Thoracic vertebrae (T1 to T12)
5 Lumbar vertebrae (L1 to L5)
Sacrum
Coccyx (tailbone)
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21. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Spinal Curvature
Alignment of body weight
Shock absorption
Thoracic
Sacral
Cervical
Lumbar
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22. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Figure 6-16

23. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Typical Vertebrae of the Cervical Region
Figure 6-17(a)

24. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Typical Vertebrae of the Thoracic Region
Figure 6-17(b)

25. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Typical Vertebrae of the Lumbar Region
Figure 6-17(c)

26. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
The Atlas and Axis
Figure 6-18

27. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
The Sacrum and Coccyx
Just know that these are the sacrum & coccyx
Figure 6-19(b)

28. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Components of Thoracic Cage
Thoracic vertebrae
Ribs
Seven pairs of true ribs
Cartilaginous (hyaline) joint with sternum
Five pairs of false ribs
Sternum has 3 parts from sup. to inf.
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
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29. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
Figure 6-20(a)

30. Vertebral Column/Thoracic Cage
The Thoracic Cage
Figure 6-20(b)

31. Appendicular Division
Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
Components
Scapulae (“shoulder blades”)
Coracoid process
Acromium
Scapular spine
Clavicles (“collar bones”)
Functions
Shoulder, arm movement
Articulation for arm
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32. Appendicular Division
The Clavicle *= parts to memorize * *
* = you need to know it
Figure 6-21

33. Appendicular Division
The Scapula *= parts to memorize * * * * *
Figure 6-22

34. Appendicular Division
Upper Limb
Humerus
Head articulates with scapula
Distal condyle articulates with forearm
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35. Appendicular Division* * *
The Humerus
*= parts to memorize * *
Figure 6-23

36. Appendicular Division
Bones of the Forearm
Radius
Lateral (thumb side)
Head articulates with humerus
Radial tuberosity attaches biceps brachii
Participates in wrist joint
Ulna
Trochlear notch articulates with humerus
Olecranon forms point of elbow
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37. Appendicular Division*
Radius & Ulna *
*= parts to memorize * *
Figure 6-24

38. Appendicular Division
Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Two rows of carpal bones
Proximal articulation with radius
Distal articulation with metacarpal bones
Proximal phalanges (finger bones) articulate with metacarpals
Three phalanges/finger
Two phalanges/thumb (pollex)
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39. Appendicular Division
Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Figure 6-25

40. Appendicular Division
The Pelvic Girdle
Formed by two coxae (hipbones)
Coxa formed by fusion of:
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Pubic symphysis limit movement
Pelvis formed by coxae, sacrum, coccyx
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41. Appendicular Division
The Pelvis
Memorize ALL parts shown *
Pubic symphysis
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 6-26(a)

42. Appendicular Division
The Pelvis
Figure 6-26(b)

43. Appendicular Division
The Pelvis
Memorize ALL parts shown
Figure 6-26(c)

44. Appendicular Division
Differences in the Anatomy of the Pelvis in Males and Females
Figure 6-27

45. Appendicular Division
Bones of the Lower Limb
Femur (thighbone)
Patella (kneecap)
Tibia (shinbone)
Fibula
Ankle bones
Foot bones
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46. Appendicular Division*
The Femur * * * * * * *
Figure 6-28

47. Appendicular Division
Bones of the Lower Limb
Features of the tibia
Tibial tuberosity
Patellar tendon attachment
Medial malleolus
Features of the fibula
Lateral malleolus
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48. Appendicular Division* *
Right Tibia and Fibula * * *
Figure 6-29 *

49. Appendicular Division
The Bones of the Ankle and Foot
Ankle
Seven tarsal bones
Talus
Joint with tibia, fibula
Foot
Calcaneus (heel bone)
Major load-bearing bone
Metatarsal bones
Five phalanges (toes)
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50. Appendicular Division*
The Bones of the Ankle and Foot *
Figure 6-30(a)

51. Appendicular Division*
The Bones of the Ankle and Foot * *
Figure 6-30(b)