1. Synchronized Swimming: Injury & Illnesses Dr. Margo Mountjoy Chair FINA Sports Medicine National Team Physician Synchro Canada

2. Athletic Attributes of Synchronized Swimming

3. Training Principles Strength training Flexibility Acrobatics

4. Training Principles Cardiovascular training Synchro-specific skill training Dance/Theatre

5. Injuries in Synchronized Swimming Traumatic Overuse

6. TRAUMA

7. Case History National Team training camp Dry land training Lift/Stunt practice Mats and spotters Bilateral calcaneal fractures

8. Strains Sprains Fractures Contusions Abrasions Muscle tears Traumatic Injuries

9. Concussion

10. Overuse Injuries

11. SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT

12. Etiology of impingement in synchro Freestyle Overhead arm movements Support skull: thrusts Propeller

13. Patellar-Femoral Syndrome

14. Egg beater

15. Spondylolysis Spondylolysthesis

16. Other Back Injuries in Synchro Acute muscle tears Acute disc protrusion Sacro-iliac dysfunction Facet syndrome Whiplash

17. Spondylolysis X-ray CT scan

18. CASE HISTORY National Team Athlete During training session Sudden onset of pain New tingling & numbness Loss of bowel control Loss of bladder control Sudden onset of paralysis

19. GENERAL PRINCIPLES Injury Prevention & Injury Management

20. INJURY PREVENTION Balanced training program Provision for recovery Sport specific training Individual planning for specific needs Nutritional & psychological support

21. INJURY MANAGEMENT Early detection Injury-specific intervention based on scientific proof of efficacy Training modification Controlled reintegration Re-evaluation

22. Medical Issues in Synchronized Swimming

23. Overtraining Decreased performance Poor periodization Inadequate rest Mood changes / irritability Recurrent illnesses/injuries

24. Decreased energy intake Amenorrhea Decreased bone density Female Athlete Triad

26. Eating Disorders: Anorexia Bulemia Eating Disorder – NOS Disordered Eating

27. Hypoxia Video clip of solo?

28. Physician’s Role in Synchro 1. Reactive: treat problems as they occur 2. Proactive: prevention, policies 3. Screening: overtraining, triad, ED, InjuryED, injury 4. Research

29. Pre-Season Evaluations Medical examination Strength Flexibility Nutritional analysis Balanced program planning Psychological review

30. Athlete Doctor Physio- therapist Sports Psych Nutrition Medical Performance Enhancement Team

31. Regular Evaluations throughout the training year!!!!

32. ...future -Synchro -Sports Medicine

33. Technical Perfection

34. Acrobatics

35. Creativity

36. Performance Medicine: Cirque / Dance

37. Triad related Scientific Advances

38. Scientific Research: Prevalence Prevention Training Regimens

39. Thank you for your attention !