1. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

2. Chapter 19 Foreign and Defense Policy

3. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Roots of U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.1: Trace the evolution U.S. foreign and defense policy. The United States as a World Power LO 19.2: Explain the developments that lead to the rise of the United States as a world power.

4. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making LO 19.3: Outline that actors that shape foreign and defense policy decision making. Contemporary Challenges in Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.4: Identify four contemporary foreign and defense policy challenges confronting the United States.

5. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives Toward Reform: Rethinking American Power LO 19.5: Evaluate the shift in thinking about American power that has occurred in recent decades.

6. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Roots of U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.1: Trace the evolution of U.S. foreign and defense policy. LO 19.1: Trace the evolution of U.S. foreign and defense policy. Isolationism in the early republic Growing power and influence World War I and the League of Nations The interwar years To Learning Objectives

7. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Isolationism in the Early Republic The Embargo Act of 1807 The War of 1812 The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

8. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Growing Power and Influence Trade policy and commerce Expansionism and manifest destiny Dominance over the western hemisphere –The Roosevelt Corollary of 1904 Interest in Asia –The Spanish-American War LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

9. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman World War I and the League of Nations World War I League of Nations –Collective security –Failure to pass the Treaty of Versailles LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

10. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Interwar Years Disarmament Isolationism –The Kellogg-Briand Pact LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

11. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The United States’ growing interest in Asian affairs was the result of A. the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. B. the Spanish American War of 1898. C. the Monroe Doctrine. D. the League of Nations. E. the Paris Peace Conference. LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

12. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The United States’ growing interest in Asian affairs was the result of A. the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. B. the Spanish American War of 1898. C. the Monroe Doctrine. D. the League of Nations. E. the Paris Peace Conference. LO 19.1 To Learning Objectives

13. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The United States as a World Power LO 19.2: Explain the developments that led to the rise of the United States as a world power. LO 19.2: Explain the developments that led to the rise of the United States as a world power. World War II and its aftermath The Cold War and containment Détente and human rights The Post-Cold War world The war on terrorism To Learning Objectives

14. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman World War II and Its Aftermath The U.S.  internationalism Bretton Woods System –The International Monetary Fund (IMF) –The World Bank –The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

15. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Cold War and Containment Containment –The Truman Doctrine –The Marshall Plan –North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The Cold War –Latin American: The Cuban Missile Crisis –The Vietnam War LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

16. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Détente and Human Rights Nixon and detente –The “China card” –The SALT agreements Carter and human rights The Reagan Doctrine Afghanistan LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

17. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The Post-Cold War World Operation Desert Storm Clinton and enlargement –Economic: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) –Political LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

18. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The War on Terrorism September 11 and the war in Afghanistan The war in Iraq LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

19. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Enlargement was a foreign policy objective of ___________. A. Clinton B. Reagan C. Carter D. Nixon E. Bush II LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

20. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Enlargement was a foreign policy objective of ___________. A. Clinton B. Reagan C. Carter D. Nixon E. Bush II LO 19.2 To Learning Objectives

21. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making LO 19.3: Outline the actors that shape foreign and defense policy decision making. LO 19.3: Outline the actors that shape foreign and defense policy decision making. The Constitution The Executive Branch –The President The National Security Council –The Departments of State, Defense, and Homeland Security –The Intelligence community To Learning Objectives

22. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Congress Oversight Treaties and executive agreements Appointments – weakly exercised Appropriations The War Powers Act LO 19.3 To Learning Objectives

23. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Interest Groups Other actors can become active in foreign policy decision-making The military industrial complex News media, which acts as a filter Public opinion, interest, and action Nongovernmental organizations LO 19.3 To Learning Objectives

24. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman All of the following officials or bodies tend play a decisive role in foreign policy EXCEPT A. Congress B. The president C. The Department of State D. The Supreme Court E. The intelligence community LO 19.3 To Learning Objectives

25. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman All of the following officials or bodies tend play a decisive role in foreign policy EXCEPT A. Congress B. The president C. The Department of State D. The Supreme Court E. The intelligence community LO 19.3 To Learning Objectives

26. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Contemporary Challenges in Foreign and Defense Policy LO 19.4: Identify four foreign and defense policy challenges confronting the United States. LO 19.4: Identify four foreign and defense policy challenges confronting the United States. Trade Immigration and border security Terrorism Nuclear weapons To Learning Objectives

27. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Trade Free trade system Making trade policy –NAFTA –WTO The Case of China –1949-1979 economic isolation –The U.S.-China bilateral trade agreement (1979) –2001 China joins WTO LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

28. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Immigration and Border Security Making immigration policy –Open door policy –Restrictive quotas –Border blockades The case of Mexico LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

29. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Terrorism Making counterterrorism policy –Diplomacy – get other states on board –Military power –Economic power –Covert operations The case of Al-Qaeda LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

30. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Nuclear Weapons Making arms proliferation policy –disarmament –arms control –denial –defensive weapons –counterproliferation The case of North Korea –The International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA) LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

31. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is a foreign policy strategy to deal with nuclear proliferation? A. The open door policy B. Free trade agreements C. Defensive weapons systems D. Covert operations E. Border blockades LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

32. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is a foreign policy strategy to deal with nuclear proliferation? A. The open door policy B. Free trade agreements C. Defensive weapons systems D. Covert operations E. Border blockades LO 19.4 To Learning Objectives

33. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Toward Reform: Rethinking American Power LO 19.5: Evaluate the shift in thinking about American power that has occurred in recent decades. LO 19.5: Evaluate the shift in thinking about American power that has occurred in recent decades. Unilateralism –The United States emerged from the Cold War as the world’s dominant power. –It was able to act unilaterally. –Lengthy wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and a struggling global economy weaken it. Multilateralism –China is primary challenger and a potential partner –League of Democracies To Learning Objectives

34. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The U.S. became the world’s major superpower after ___________. A. WWII B. Vietnam C. WWI D. 9/11 E. the end of the Cold War LO 19.5 To Learning Objectives

35. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The U.S. became the world’s major superpower after ___________. A. WWII B. Vietnam C. WWI D. 9/11 E. the end of the Cold War LO 19.5 To Learning Objectives

36. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Figure 19.1: How has defense spending changed over time? Back To Learning Objectives

37. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Figure 19.2: Who are the United States’ major trading partners? Back To Learning Objectives